diff --git a/CLAUDE.md b/CLAUDE.md
index 61ba49f7a..abeeaafcc 100644
--- a/CLAUDE.md
+++ b/CLAUDE.md
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ For ad-hoc queries from skills or scripts, use the in-tree wrapper rather than t
 | `src/session-manager.ts` | Resolves sessions; opens `inbound.db` / `outbound.db`; manages heartbeat path |
 | `src/container-runner.ts` | Spawns per-agent-group Docker containers with session DB + outbox mounts, OneCLI `ensureAgent` |
 | `src/container-runtime.ts` | Docker CLI wrapper (runtime binary, host-gateway args, mount args), orphan cleanup |
-| `src/guard/` | Privileged-action decision seam: `guard()` → allow \| hold \| deny. Domain-free leaf (decision function + registration-derived action catalog); domain baselines register from module-edge `guard.ts` adapters (cli, agent-to-agent, self-mod, permissions). All four handler registries wrap at registration; approved replays carry the approval row as a grant and re-check the structural baseline. Policy-as-data (tighten-only rule sources) is deferred to guarded-actions phase 3. Conformance test: `src/guard/conformance.test.ts` |
+| `src/guard/` | Privileged-action decision seam: `guard(action, input)` → allow \| hold \| deny. Domain-free leaf; domain baselines are `defineGuardedAction` values exported from module-edge `guard.ts` adapters (cli, agent-to-agent, self-mod, permissions) — consults hold the value, so a missing/typo'd wiring is a compile error, never a fail-open. All four handler registries require a guard spec or an explicit `unguarded(<reason>)` declaration at the registration site. Approved replays carry the approval row as a grant and re-check the structural baseline. Boot check = grant continuations only (`src/guard-conformance.ts`); Policy-as-data is deferred to guarded-actions phase 3. Conformance test: `src/guard/conformance.test.ts` |
 | `src/modules/permissions/access.ts` | `canAccessAgentGroup` — owner / global admin / scoped admin / member resolution against `user_roles` + `agent_group_members` |
 | `src/modules/approvals/primitive.ts` | `pickApprover`, `pickApprovalDelivery`, `requestApproval`, approval-handler registry |
 | `src/command-gate.ts` | Router-side admin command gate — queries `user_roles` directly (no env var, no container-side check) |
diff --git a/src/cli/delivery-action.ts b/src/cli/delivery-action.ts
index 5c693be6f..5a759cb21 100644
--- a/src/cli/delivery-action.ts
+++ b/src/cli/delivery-action.ts
@@ -8,52 +8,57 @@
 import type Database from 'better-sqlite3';
 
 import { registerDeliveryAction } from '../delivery.js';
+import { unguarded } from '../guard/index.js';
 import { insertMessage } from '../db/session-db.js';
 import { log } from '../log.js';
 import { dispatch } from './dispatch.js';
 import type { RequestFrame } from './frame.js';
 import type { Session } from '../types.js';
 
-registerDeliveryAction('cli_request', async (content, session, inDb) => {
-  const requestId = content.requestId as string;
-  const command = content.command as string;
-  const args = (content.args as Record<string, unknown>) ?? {};
+registerDeliveryAction(
+  'cli_request',
+  async (content, session, inDb) => {
+    const requestId = content.requestId as string;
+    const command = content.command as string;
+    const args = (content.args as Record<string, unknown>) ?? {};
 
-  if (!requestId || !command) {
-    log.warn('cli_request missing requestId or command', { sessionId: session.id });
-    return;
-  }
+    if (!requestId || !command) {
+      log.warn('cli_request missing requestId or command', { sessionId: session.id });
+      return;
+    }
 
-  const req: RequestFrame = { id: requestId, command, args };
-  const ctx = {
-    caller: 'agent' as const,
-    sessionId: session.id,
-    agentGroupId: session.agent_group_id,
-    messagingGroupId: session.messaging_group_id ?? '',
-  };
+    const req: RequestFrame = { id: requestId, command, args };
+    const ctx = {
+      caller: 'agent' as const,
+      sessionId: session.id,
+      agentGroupId: session.agent_group_id,
+      messagingGroupId: session.messaging_group_id ?? '',
+    };
 
-  log.info('CLI request from agent', { requestId, command, sessionId: session.id });
+    log.info('CLI request from agent', { requestId, command, sessionId: session.id });
 
-  const response = await dispatch(req, ctx);
+    const response = await dispatch(req, ctx);
 
-  // Write response to inbound.db so the container can read it.
-  // trigger=0: don't wake the agent — this is an inline response to a tool call.
-  insertMessage(inDb, {
-    id: `cli-resp-${requestId}`,
-    kind: 'system',
-    timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
-    platformId: null,
-    channelType: null,
-    threadId: null,
-    content: JSON.stringify({
-      type: 'cli_response',
-      requestId,
-      frame: response,
-    }),
-    processAfter: null,
-    recurrence: null,
-    trigger: 0,
-  });
+    // Write response to inbound.db so the container can read it.
+    // trigger=0: don't wake the agent — this is an inline response to a tool call.
+    insertMessage(inDb, {
+      id: `cli-resp-${requestId}`,
+      kind: 'system',
+      timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
+      platformId: null,
+      channelType: null,
+      threadId: null,
+      content: JSON.stringify({
+        type: 'cli_response',
+        requestId,
+        frame: response,
+      }),
+      processAfter: null,
+      recurrence: null,
+      trigger: 0,
+    });
 
-  log.info('CLI response written', { requestId, ok: response.ok, sessionId: session.id });
-});
+    log.info('CLI response written', { requestId, ok: response.ok, sessionId: session.id });
+  },
+  unguarded('transport envelope — every inner command is guarded at dispatch'),
+);
diff --git a/src/cli/dispatch.ts b/src/cli/dispatch.ts
index 99ca7b18d..bb44144d1 100644
--- a/src/cli/dispatch.ts
+++ b/src/cli/dispatch.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,8 @@ import { registerApprovalHandler, requestApproval } from '../modules/approvals/i
 import type { PendingApproval } from '../types.js';
 import type { CallerContext, ErrorCode, RequestFrame, ResponseFrame } from './frame.js';
 import { getResource } from './crud.js';
-import { commandGuardAction } from './guard.js';
 import { listVerbs, renderVerbHelp } from './help-render.js';
-import { listCommands, lookup } from './registry.js';
+import { commandGuard, listCommands, lookup } from './registry.js';
 
 type DispatchOptions = {
   /** Verified approval row when a command is replayed after approval. */
@@ -101,8 +100,7 @@ export async function dispatch(
     }
   }
 
-  const decision = guard({
-    action: commandGuardAction(cmd),
+  const decision = guard(commandGuard(cmd.name), {
     actor: actorFor(ctx),
     payload: req.args,
     grant: opts.grant ?? null,
diff --git a/src/cli/registry.ts b/src/cli/registry.ts
index f80e4e02f..82419fb6f 100644
--- a/src/cli/registry.ts
+++ b/src/cli/registry.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  * registers the help commands, so the registry is populated before the host's
  * CLI server accepts connections.
  */
-import { registerGuardedAction } from '../guard/index.js';
+import { defineGuardedAction, type GuardedAction } from '../guard/index.js';
 import { commandGuardSpec } from './guard.js';
 import type { CallerContext } from './frame.js';
 
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ export type CommandDef<TArgs = unknown, TData = unknown> = {
 };
 
 const registry = new Map<string, CommandDef>();
+const commandGuards = new Map<string, GuardedAction>();
 
 export function register<TArgs, TData>(def: CommandDef<TArgs, TData>): void {
   if (registry.has(def.name)) {
@@ -68,9 +69,18 @@ export function register<TArgs, TData>(def: CommandDef<TArgs, TData>): void {
   }
   registry.set(def.name, def as CommandDef);
   // Declaration is registration: every command gets a guard-catalog entry
-  // derived from its own definition — dispatch consults the guard, and the
-  // conformance test walks the registry against the catalog.
-  registerGuardedAction(commandGuardSpec(def as CommandDef));
+  // derived from its own definition, in the same call that registers it — a
+  // command cannot exist without a guard, and dispatch consults it by value.
+  commandGuards.set(def.name, defineGuardedAction(commandGuardSpec(def as CommandDef)));
+}
+
+/** The guard defined for a registered command — total for anything register() accepted. */
+export function commandGuard(name: string): GuardedAction {
+  const g = commandGuards.get(name);
+  if (!g) {
+    throw new Error(`CLI command "${name}" has no guard — was it registered through register()?`);
+  }
+  return g;
 }
 
 export function lookup(name: string): CommandDef | undefined {
diff --git a/src/delivery-actions.test.ts b/src/delivery-actions.test.ts
index f9054978b..fc38d769a 100644
--- a/src/delivery-actions.test.ts
+++ b/src/delivery-actions.test.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@
  * `registerDeliveryAction` is the hook modules use to handle system-kind
  * outbound messages; `getDeliveryAction` is the read side that makes those
  * registrations behavior-testable. Goes red if either half of the registry
- * is removed or the two stop sharing the same map.
+ * is removed or the two stop sharing the same map. Every registration now
+ * carries a guard spec or an explicit unguarded(<reason>) declaration —
+ * omission is a type error.
  */
 import { describe, it, expect, vi } from 'vitest';
 
@@ -16,11 +18,14 @@ vi.mock('./container-runner.js', () => ({
 }));
 
 import { registerDeliveryAction, getDeliveryAction, type DeliveryActionHandler } from './delivery.js';
+import { defineGuardedAction, HOLD, unguarded } from './guard/index.js';
+
+const testUnguarded = unguarded('test — registry mechanics only');
 
 describe('delivery action registry', () => {
   it('getDeliveryAction returns the handler registerDeliveryAction registered', () => {
     const handler: DeliveryActionHandler = async () => {};
-    registerDeliveryAction('test_registry_action', handler);
+    registerDeliveryAction('test_registry_action', handler, testUnguarded);
     expect(getDeliveryAction('test_registry_action')).toBe(handler);
   });
 
@@ -31,26 +36,32 @@ describe('delivery action registry', () => {
   it('re-registering an action overwrites the previous handler', () => {
     const first: DeliveryActionHandler = async () => {};
     const second: DeliveryActionHandler = async () => {};
-    registerDeliveryAction('test_overwrite_action', first);
-    registerDeliveryAction('test_overwrite_action', second);
+    registerDeliveryAction('test_overwrite_action', first, testUnguarded);
+    registerDeliveryAction('test_overwrite_action', second, testUnguarded);
     expect(getDeliveryAction('test_overwrite_action')).toBe(second);
   });
 
   it('refuses to replace a guard-wrapped action with an unguarded handler', () => {
+    const guardAction = defineGuardedAction({
+      action: 'test.guarded-overwrite',
+      baseline: () => HOLD('t'),
+    });
     registerDeliveryAction('test_guarded_overwrite', async () => {}, {
-      guardAction: 'test.guarded-overwrite',
+      guardAction,
       requestHold: async () => {},
     });
 
-    // Disarming the guard by re-registering without a spec must throw —
-    // otherwise the catalog (and the conformance walk) would still report
-    // the action guarded while the live path runs unguarded.
-    expect(() => registerDeliveryAction('test_guarded_overwrite', async () => {})).toThrow(/disarm the guard/);
+    // Disarming the guard by re-registering unguarded must throw — otherwise
+    // the action's catalog entry would still exist while the live path runs
+    // unguarded.
+    expect(() => registerDeliveryAction('test_guarded_overwrite', async () => {}, testUnguarded)).toThrow(
+      /disarm the guard/,
+    );
 
     // Re-registering WITH a spec stays allowed (a legitimate replacement
     // keeps the action guarded).
     registerDeliveryAction('test_guarded_overwrite', async () => {}, {
-      guardAction: 'test.guarded-overwrite',
+      guardAction,
       requestHold: async () => {},
     });
     expect(getDeliveryAction('test_guarded_overwrite')).toBeDefined();
diff --git a/src/delivery.ts b/src/delivery.ts
index 949450b85..668028754 100644
--- a/src/delivery.ts
+++ b/src/delivery.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import {
   markDeliveryFailed,
   migrateDeliveredTable,
 } from './db/session-db.js';
-import { guard } from './guard/index.js';
+import { guard, type GuardedAction, type Unguarded } from './guard/index.js';
 import { log } from './log.js';
 import { normalizeOptions } from './channels/ask-question.js';
 import { clearOutbox, openInboundDb, openOutboundDb, readOutboxFiles } from './session-manager.js';
@@ -397,15 +397,16 @@ async function deliverMessage(
  * `registerDeliveryAction`. Unknown actions log "Unknown system action".
  *
  * Privileged delivery actions (create_agent, install_packages,
- * add_mcp_server) register with a guard spec: the registry wraps the handler
- * so the guard's decision — allow / hold / deny — stands between the
- * container's outbound row and the handler body, and the wrapped path is the
- * only path (the raw handler is never stored). On approve, the continuation
- * re-enters the same wrapped entry carrying the approval row as its grant
- * (`reenterGuardedDeliveryAction`), so the structural baseline is re-checked
- * live. Plain actions (scheduling self-actions, the cli_request bridge — its
- * inner commands are guarded at dispatch) register without a spec and are
- * not catalog actions.
+ * add_mcp_server) register with a guard spec: every path to the handler body
+ * — dispatch, approved replay, test lookup — goes through the guard consult
+ * (allow / hold / deny), so there is no unguarded route to it. On approve,
+ * the continuation re-enters the same entry carrying the approval row as its
+ * grant (`reenterGuardedDeliveryAction`), so the structural baseline is
+ * re-checked live. Plain actions (scheduling self-actions, the cli_request
+ * bridge — its inner commands are guarded at dispatch) register with an
+ * explicit `unguarded(<reason>)` declaration instead of a spec — omission is
+ * not representable, so the decision to run unguarded is visible, and
+ * justified, at the registration site.
  */
 export type DeliveryActionHandler = (
   content: Record<string, unknown>,
@@ -417,8 +418,8 @@ export type DeliveryActionHandler = (
 export type GuardedDeliveryHandler = (content: Record<string, unknown>, session: Session) => Promise<void>;
 
 export interface DeliveryGuardSpec {
-  /** Dotted guard-catalog action consulted before the handler runs. */
-  guardAction: string;
+  /** Guard action consulted before the handler runs — the defined value, not a name. */
+  guardAction: GuardedAction;
   /**
    * Domain validation that runs before the guard — malformed requests are
    * answered (notify) without ever creating a hold. Return false to stop.
@@ -430,54 +431,53 @@ export interface DeliveryGuardSpec {
   onDeny?: (content: Record<string, unknown>, session: Session, reason: string) => void;
 }
 
-const actionHandlers = new Map<string, DeliveryActionHandler>();
-const guardedActions = new Map<string, { spec: DeliveryGuardSpec; handler: GuardedDeliveryHandler }>();
+type DeliveryEntry =
+  | { guard: Unguarded; handler: DeliveryActionHandler }
+  | { guard: DeliveryGuardSpec; handler: GuardedDeliveryHandler };
 
-export function registerDeliveryAction(action: string, handler: DeliveryActionHandler): void;
+const deliveryActions = new Map<string, DeliveryEntry>();
+
+function isUnguardedEntry(entry: DeliveryEntry): entry is Extract<DeliveryEntry, { guard: Unguarded }> {
+  return 'reason' in entry.guard;
+}
+
+export function registerDeliveryAction(action: string, handler: DeliveryActionHandler, unguardedDecl: Unguarded): void;
 export function registerDeliveryAction(action: string, handler: GuardedDeliveryHandler, spec: DeliveryGuardSpec): void;
 export function registerDeliveryAction(
   action: string,
   handler: DeliveryActionHandler | GuardedDeliveryHandler,
-  spec?: DeliveryGuardSpec,
+  guardDecl: DeliveryGuardSpec | Unguarded,
 ): void {
-  if (actionHandlers.has(action)) {
+  const existing = deliveryActions.get(action);
+  if (existing) {
     // Replacing a guard-wrapped action with an unguarded handler would
-    // disarm the guard while the catalog (and the conformance walk) still
-    // report it guarded — refuse. A skill that wants to extend a guarded
-    // action must compose at the module's exported functions instead, or
-    // re-register with a guard spec of its own.
-    if (!spec && guardedActions.has(action)) {
+    // disarm the guard while its catalog entry still exists — refuse. A
+    // skill that wants to extend a guarded action must compose at the
+    // module's exported functions instead, or re-register with a guard spec
+    // of its own.
+    if ('reason' in guardDecl && !isUnguardedEntry(existing)) {
       throw new Error(
         `delivery action "${action}" is guard-wrapped; re-registering it without a guard spec would disarm the guard`,
       );
     }
     log.warn('Delivery action handler overwritten', { action });
   }
-  if (!spec) {
-    actionHandlers.set(action, handler as DeliveryActionHandler);
-    return;
-  }
-  guardedActions.set(action, { spec, handler: handler as GuardedDeliveryHandler });
-  actionHandlers.set(action, (content, session) => runGuardedDeliveryAction(action, content, session, null));
+  // The overloads pair each handler shape with its declaration; the merged
+  // implementation signature erases that pairing, hence the one cast.
+  deliveryActions.set(action, { guard: guardDecl, handler } as DeliveryEntry);
 }
 
-async function runGuardedDeliveryAction(
+async function runGuarded(
   action: string,
+  entry: Extract<DeliveryEntry, { guard: DeliveryGuardSpec }>,
   content: Record<string, unknown>,
   session: Session,
   grant: PendingApproval | null,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const entry = guardedActions.get(action);
-  if (!entry) {
-    log.warn('Unknown guarded delivery action', { action });
-    return;
-  }
-  const { spec, handler } = entry;
-
+  const spec = entry.guard;
   if (spec.precheck && !(await spec.precheck(content, session))) return;
 
-  const decision = guard({
-    action: spec.guardAction,
+  const decision = guard(spec.guardAction, {
     actor: { kind: 'agent', agentGroupId: session.agent_group_id, sessionId: session.id },
     payload: content,
     grant,
@@ -492,32 +492,37 @@ async function runGuardedDeliveryAction(
     await spec.requestHold(content, session);
     return;
   }
-  await handler(content, session);
+  await entry.handler(content, session);
 }
 
 /**
  * Approve continuation for a guard-wrapped delivery action: re-enter the
- * wrapped entry with the approval row as the grant. The guard treats the
- * grant as hold-satisfied but re-runs the structural baseline, so
- * approve-then-revoke does not execute. Domains register this as their
- * approval handler in the same line that registers the action.
+ * entry with the approval row as the grant. The guard treats the grant as
+ * hold-satisfied but re-runs the structural baseline, so approve-then-revoke
+ * does not execute. Domains register this as their approval handler in the
+ * same line that registers the action.
  */
 export function reenterGuardedDeliveryAction(action: string) {
   return async (ctx: { session: Session; payload: Record<string, unknown>; approval: PendingApproval }) => {
-    await runGuardedDeliveryAction(action, ctx.payload, ctx.session, ctx.approval);
+    const entry = deliveryActions.get(action);
+    if (!entry || isUnguardedEntry(entry)) {
+      log.warn('Approved replay for an action that is not guard-wrapped — dropping', { action });
+      return;
+    }
+    await runGuarded(action, entry, ctx.payload, ctx.session, ctx.approval);
   };
 }
 
-/** Look up a registered delivery-action handler. Lets module registrations be behavior-tested. */
+/**
+ * The invocable for a registered action — the raw handler for unguarded
+ * entries, the guard-consulting path for guarded ones. Dispatch and tests
+ * both come through here; there is no route around the guard.
+ */
 export function getDeliveryAction(action: string): DeliveryActionHandler | undefined {
-  return actionHandlers.get(action);
-}
-
-/** Registered delivery actions with their guard mapping, for the conformance test. */
-export function listDeliveryActions(): { action: string; guardAction: string | null }[] {
-  return [...actionHandlers.keys()]
-    .sort()
-    .map((action) => ({ action, guardAction: guardedActions.get(action)?.spec.guardAction ?? null }));
+  const entry = deliveryActions.get(action);
+  if (!entry) return undefined;
+  if (isUnguardedEntry(entry)) return entry.handler;
+  return (content, session) => runGuarded(action, entry, content, session, null);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -533,7 +538,7 @@ async function handleSystemAction(
   const action = content.action as string;
   log.info('System action from agent', { sessionId: session.id, action });
 
-  const registered = actionHandlers.get(action);
+  const registered = getDeliveryAction(action);
   if (registered) {
     await registered(content, session, inDb);
     return;
diff --git a/src/guard-conformance.ts b/src/guard-conformance.ts
index 8cbf562be..4f7a3fbcd 100644
--- a/src/guard-conformance.ts
+++ b/src/guard-conformance.ts
@@ -1,85 +1,49 @@
 /**
- * Guard conformance — the non-bypass invariant, shared by CI and boot.
+ * Boot-time guard sanity — the one cross-registry invariant left to check
+ * after all import-time registrations have run.
  *
- * CI only protects code that goes through the repo's CI, but NanoClaw's
- * extension model is skill-installed code: /add-* skills copy modules into
- * the user's tree and register handlers on machines where the test suite
- * never runs. Running the same walk at boot turns the conformance test's
- * guarantee into a runtime invariant at exactly that trust boundary: every
- * registration is an import-time side effect, so by the time main() runs
- * the registries are complete and an unmapped privileged entry is
- * detectable before the host accepts a single message.
+ * The old registry walk is gone: everything it detected is now
+ * unconstructible at the API level.
+ *   - A consult site cannot name a missing catalog entry — guard() takes the
+ *     GuardedAction VALUE returned by defineGuardedAction, so a dropped
+ *     module-edge import or a typo'd action is a compile error (and a forged
+ *     value is denied at runtime), not a silent allow.
+ *   - A handler cannot register unguarded by omission — every registry
+ *     (delivery actions, response handlers, interceptors, CLI commands)
+ *     requires a guard spec or an explicit unguarded(<reason>) declaration
+ *     at the registration site.
  *
- * Fail-closed: the host refuses to start (the upgrade-tripwire posture).
- * A conformance failure is code mis-composition — fixable with the host
- * down — and it surfaces at skill-install time, when the installing agent
- * is watching, instead of running unguarded until someone runs pnpm test.
- *
- * Limit: the walk verifies DECLARED mappings ("every delivery action is
- * guarded or explicitly exempt") — it cannot infer which actions are
- * privileged. That declaration stays on the author; the exemption list
- * below is the loud, reviewable escape hatch.
+ * What remains is completeness ACROSS registries: a guarded action that
+ * holds via `approvalAction` needs a registered approval handler, or an
+ * approved card resolves into nothing — the hold has no continuation. That
+ * pairing only exists once every module has loaded (catalog entries and
+ * approval handlers register from different modules), so it stays a boot
+ * check with the fail-closed posture: the host refuses to start, surfacing
+ * the mis-composition at skill-install time instead of at the first
+ * approved card.
  */
-import { commandGuardAction } from './cli/guard.js';
-import { listCommands } from './cli/registry.js';
-import { listDeliveryActions } from './delivery.js';
-import { getGuardedAction } from './guard/index.js';
+import { listGuardedActions } from './guard/index.js';
 import { log } from './log.js';
+import { getApprovalHandler } from './modules/approvals/primitive.js';
 
-/**
- * Delivery actions that deliberately carry no guard mapping (the declared
- * exemption class, per the guarded-actions design decision 1):
- *   - scheduling self-actions — an agent mutating only its own task rows;
- *     not a privileged action class (yet).
- *   - cli_request — the transport bridge into dispatch(); every inner
- *     command is guarded at dispatch, so the envelope carries no privilege.
- */
-export const EXEMPT_DELIVERY_ACTIONS = new Set([
-  'schedule_task',
-  'cancel_task',
-  'pause_task',
-  'resume_task',
-  'update_task',
-  'cli_request',
-]);
-
-/** Walk the live registries against the guard catalog. Empty = conformant. */
-export function guardConformanceViolations(): string[] {
-  const violations: string[] = [];
-
-  for (const cmd of listCommands()) {
-    const entry = getGuardedAction(commandGuardAction(cmd));
-    if (!entry) {
-      violations.push(`command "${cmd.name}" has no guard-catalog entry`);
-      continue;
-    }
-    if (cmd.access === 'approval' && entry.approvalAction !== 'cli_command') {
-      violations.push(`mutating command "${cmd.name}" maps to a catalog entry that cannot hold`);
-    }
-  }
-
-  for (const { action, guardAction } of listDeliveryActions()) {
-    if (guardAction === null) {
-      if (!EXEMPT_DELIVERY_ACTIONS.has(action)) {
-        violations.push(`delivery action "${action}" is neither guard-mapped nor on the declared exemption list`);
-      }
-      continue;
-    }
-    if (!getGuardedAction(guardAction)) {
-      violations.push(`delivery action "${action}" maps to unregistered guard action "${guardAction}"`);
-    }
-  }
-
-  return violations;
+/** Holding actions with no approve continuation. Empty = conformant. */
+export function grantContinuationGaps(): string[] {
+  return listGuardedActions()
+    .filter((spec) => spec.approvalAction && !getApprovalHandler(spec.approvalAction))
+    .map(
+      (spec) =>
+        `guarded action "${spec.action}" holds via approval action "${spec.approvalAction}" ` +
+        'but no approval handler is registered — an approved hold would have no continuation',
+    );
 }
 
 /**
- * Boot check: refuse to start when any privileged registration is unmapped.
+ * Boot check: refuse to start when a holding action has no continuation.
  * Call after all import-time registrations (any point in main()).
  */
 export function enforceGuardConformance(): void {
-  const violations = guardConformanceViolations();
-  if (violations.length === 0) return;
+  const gaps = grantContinuationGaps();
+  if (gaps.length === 0) return;
 
   console.error(
     [
@@ -87,20 +51,20 @@ export function enforceGuardConformance(): void {
       '='.repeat(64),
       'NanoClaw stopped: guard conformance failure',
       '='.repeat(64),
-      'A privileged registration is not mapped to the guard catalog —',
-      'it would run with no allow/hold/deny decision. This usually means',
-      'a skill (or local change) registered a command or delivery action',
-      'without a guard spec.',
+      'A guarded action can hold for approval, but no approval handler is',
+      'registered for its approval action — an admin could click Approve',
+      'and nothing would execute. This usually means a module (or skill)',
+      'defined a holding baseline without registering its continuation.',
       '',
-      ...violations.map((v) => `  - ${v}`),
+      ...gaps.map((g) => `  - ${g}`),
       '',
-      'Fix the registration (pass a guard spec / derive a catalog entry),',
-      'or — only for genuinely unprivileged self-actions — add it to',
-      'EXEMPT_DELIVERY_ACTIONS in src/guard-conformance.ts.',
+      'Register the approval handler (registerApprovalHandler) in the same',
+      'module that defines the guarded action, or drop approvalAction from',
+      'the definition if the action can never hold.',
       '='.repeat(64),
       '',
     ].join('\n'),
   );
-  log.error('Guard conformance failure — refusing to start', { violations });
+  log.error('Guard conformance failure — refusing to start', { gaps });
   process.exit(1);
 }
diff --git a/src/guard/conformance.test.ts b/src/guard/conformance.test.ts
index 7f476321a..a1621841c 100644
--- a/src/guard/conformance.test.ts
+++ b/src/guard/conformance.test.ts
@@ -1,20 +1,15 @@
 /**
- * Guard conformance — the non-bypass invariant, checked structurally.
+ * Guard conformance — the boot invariant, checked with the real registries.
  *
- * Walks the real command registry and the real delivery-action registry
- * (loaded via their production barrels) against the guard catalog. The walk
- * itself lives in src/guard-conformance.ts and runs twice: here in CI, and
- * at every boot (enforceGuardConformance in index.ts refuses to start on a
- * violation) — CI can't see skill-installed registrations, the boot check
- * can. A new privileged command or delivery action cannot quietly ship
- * ungated: registration derives the catalog entry, and this walk makes
- * drift loud.
- *
- * The declared exemption classes live with the walk
- * (EXEMPT_DELIVERY_ACTIONS): scheduling self-actions and the cli_request
- * transport bridge (its inner commands are guarded at dispatch). Reads
- * (list/get/help) are catalog-mapped via registration too, but their
- * baselines allow; the mutating set is what MUST be mapped.
+ * The old registry walk is gone: an unmapped consult or an undeclared
+ * unguarded registration is now unconstructible — guard() takes the defined
+ * GuardedAction value (a dropped module-edge import or typo'd name is a
+ * compile error), and every registry requires a guard spec or an explicit
+ * unguarded(<reason>) declaration. What's left to verify structurally is the
+ * cross-registry pairing the compiler can't see: every holding action has a
+ * registered approve continuation. The check runs here in CI and at every
+ * boot (enforceGuardConformance refuses to start) — CI can't see
+ * skill-installed registrations, the boot check can.
  */
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
 
@@ -22,68 +17,68 @@ import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
 import '../cli/commands/index.js';
 import '../modules/index.js';
 import '../cli/delivery-action.js';
+import '../cli/dispatch.js'; // registers the cli_command approval handler
 
-import { listCommands } from '../cli/registry.js';
-import { commandGuardAction } from '../cli/guard.js';
-import { listDeliveryActions, registerDeliveryAction } from '../delivery.js';
-import { EXEMPT_DELIVERY_ACTIONS, guardConformanceViolations } from '../guard-conformance.js';
-import { getGuardedAction } from './guard-actions.js';
+import { commandGuard, listCommands } from '../cli/registry.js';
+import { grantContinuationGaps } from '../guard-conformance.js';
+import { getApprovalHandler } from '../modules/approvals/primitive.js';
+import { defineGuardedAction, listGuardedActions } from './guard-actions.js';
+import { HOLD } from './types.js';
 
 describe('guard conformance', () => {
-  it('the full walk (shared with the boot check) reports zero violations', () => {
-    expect(guardConformanceViolations()).toEqual([]);
+  it('the grant-continuation check (shared with the boot check) reports zero gaps', () => {
+    expect(grantContinuationGaps()).toEqual([]);
   });
 
-  it('every mutating ncl command maps to a guard catalog entry that can hold', () => {
+  it('every holding action pairs with a registered approval handler', () => {
+    const holding = listGuardedActions().filter((spec) => spec.approvalAction);
+    expect(holding.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+
+    const dangling = holding.filter((spec) => !getApprovalHandler(spec.approvalAction as string));
+    expect(dangling.map((s) => s.action)).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('every mutating ncl command derives a guard that holds via cli_command', () => {
     const mutating = listCommands().filter((cmd) => cmd.access === 'approval');
     expect(mutating.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
 
-    const unmapped = mutating.filter((cmd) => {
-      const entry = getGuardedAction(commandGuardAction(cmd));
-      return !entry || entry.approvalAction !== 'cli_command';
-    });
-    expect(unmapped.map((c) => c.name)).toEqual([]);
+    const wrong = mutating.filter((cmd) => commandGuard(cmd.name).approvalAction !== 'cli_command');
+    expect(wrong.map((c) => c.name)).toEqual([]);
   });
 
-  it('every registered command (reads included) has a catalog entry — denied reads still surface as denials', () => {
-    const unmapped = listCommands().filter((cmd) => !getGuardedAction(commandGuardAction(cmd)));
-    expect(unmapped.map((c) => c.name)).toEqual([]);
+  it('the domain catalog entries are defined once the module barrels load', () => {
+    const actions = new Set(listGuardedActions().map((s) => s.action));
+    for (const expected of [
+      'agents.create',
+      'a2a.send',
+      'self_mod.install_packages',
+      'self_mod.add_mcp_server',
+      'senders.admit',
+      'channels.register',
+    ]) {
+      expect(actions.has(expected), `catalog is missing "${expected}"`).toBe(true);
+    }
   });
 
-  it('every delivery action is guard-mapped or on the declared exemption list', () => {
-    const actions = listDeliveryActions();
-    expect(actions.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
-
-    const unmapped = actions.filter(
-      ({ action, guardAction }) => guardAction === null && !EXEMPT_DELIVERY_ACTIONS.has(action),
+  it('defining the same action twice throws — names are the catalog key', () => {
+    defineGuardedAction({ action: 'test.dup-define', baseline: () => HOLD('x') });
+    expect(() => defineGuardedAction({ action: 'test.dup-define', baseline: () => HOLD('x') })).toThrow(
+      /already defined/,
     );
-    expect(unmapped.map((a) => a.action)).toEqual([]);
-
-    const danglingCatalog = actions.filter(({ guardAction }) => guardAction !== null && !getGuardedAction(guardAction));
-    expect(danglingCatalog.map((a) => a.action)).toEqual([]);
   });
 
-  it('the privileged delivery actions are the guarded ones', () => {
-    const guarded = Object.fromEntries(
-      listDeliveryActions()
-        .filter((a) => a.guardAction !== null)
-        .map((a) => [a.action, a.guardAction]),
-    );
-    expect(guarded).toEqual({
-      create_agent: 'agents.create',
-      install_packages: 'self_mod.install_packages',
-      add_mcp_server: 'self_mod.add_mcp_server',
+  // KEEP LAST: defines a holding action with no continuation into the shared
+  // per-worker catalog, so every gap check after this point sees it.
+  it('the check names a holding action with no approve continuation (what boot refuses on)', () => {
+    defineGuardedAction({
+      action: 'test.dangling-hold',
+      approvalAction: 'test_dangling_hold_approved',
+      baseline: () => HOLD('always'),
     });
-  });
 
-  // KEEP LAST: registers a rogue action into the shared per-worker registry,
-  // so every walk after this point sees the violation.
-  it('the walk names an unguarded, non-exempt delivery action (what the boot check refuses on)', () => {
-    registerDeliveryAction('test_rogue_privileged_action', async () => {});
-
-    const violations = guardConformanceViolations();
-    expect(violations).toHaveLength(1);
-    expect(violations[0]).toContain('test_rogue_privileged_action');
-    expect(violations[0]).toContain('neither guard-mapped nor on the declared exemption list');
+    const gaps = grantContinuationGaps();
+    expect(gaps).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(gaps[0]).toContain('test.dangling-hold');
+    expect(gaps[0]).toContain('no approval handler');
   });
 });
diff --git a/src/guard/guard-actions.ts b/src/guard/guard-actions.ts
index 32ce0da09..85f4e6cc3 100644
--- a/src/guard/guard-actions.ts
+++ b/src/guard/guard-actions.ts
@@ -1,19 +1,23 @@
 /**
  * The action catalog — the enforcement boundary.
  *
- * An action either is in the catalog (and passes a decision) or is not (and
- * needs none — reads, scheduling self-actions). Declaration is registration:
- * entries are derived at the registries' registration sites (command
- * registry, delivery actions, response handlers, interceptors, module
- * edges), never maintained in a second file. The conformance test walks the
- * registries against this catalog so an unmapped privileged action fails CI.
+ * An action either is defined here (and every consult passes its decision)
+ * or cannot be consulted at all: guard() takes the GuardedAction VALUE
+ * returned by defineGuardedAction, so the wiring between a consult site and
+ * its baseline is a symbol reference the compiler checks. A dropped
+ * module-edge import or a typo'd action name is a build error, not a
+ * runtime fail-open — there is no lookup that can miss.
+ *
+ * Definitions are still recorded by name so boot can enumerate them: the
+ * grant-continuation check (src/guard-conformance.ts) pairs every holding
+ * action with its registered approval handler, and duplicate names are
+ * refused at definition time (grants match on the name).
  */
-import { log } from '../log.js';
 import type { GuardDecision, GuardInput } from './types.js';
 import type { PendingApproval } from '../types.js';
 
 export interface GuardedActionSpec {
-  /** Dotted action name — the catalog key. */
+  /** Dotted action name, e.g. 'roles.grant', 'agents.create', 'a2a.send'. */
   action: string;
   /**
    * Today's structural checks for this action, verbatim — the only source of
@@ -35,19 +39,35 @@ export interface GuardedActionSpec {
   grantMatches?: (grant: PendingApproval, input: GuardInput) => boolean;
 }
 
-const guardedActions = new Map<string, GuardedActionSpec>();
+declare const guardedActionBrand: unique symbol;
+/**
+ * A defined guarded action — only defineGuardedAction can mint one. The
+ * brand makes the type nominal: a hand-rolled { action, baseline } object
+ * does not typecheck at a consult site, and fails the runtime check too.
+ */
+export type GuardedAction = Readonly<GuardedActionSpec> & { readonly [guardedActionBrand]: true };
 
-export function registerGuardedAction(spec: GuardedActionSpec): void {
-  if (guardedActions.has(spec.action)) {
-    log.warn('Guarded action re-registered (overwriting)', { action: spec.action });
+const defined = new Map<string, GuardedAction>();
+const minted = new WeakSet<object>();
+
+export function defineGuardedAction(spec: GuardedActionSpec): GuardedAction {
+  if (defined.has(spec.action)) {
+    throw new Error(`guarded action "${spec.action}" is already defined — action names are the catalog key`);
   }
-  guardedActions.set(spec.action, spec);
+  const def = Object.freeze({ ...spec }) as GuardedAction;
+  minted.add(def);
+  defined.set(spec.action, def);
+  return def;
 }
 
-export function getGuardedAction(action: string): GuardedActionSpec | undefined {
-  return guardedActions.get(action);
+/**
+ * Runtime backstop for callers outside the type system (plain JS, casts):
+ * only values minted by defineGuardedAction pass — guard() denies the rest.
+ */
+export function isGuardedAction(value: unknown): value is GuardedAction {
+  return typeof value === 'object' && value !== null && minted.has(value);
 }
 
-export function listGuardedActions(): GuardedActionSpec[] {
-  return [...guardedActions.values()].sort((a, b) => a.action.localeCompare(b.action));
+export function listGuardedActions(): GuardedAction[] {
+  return [...defined.values()].sort((a, b) => a.action.localeCompare(b.action));
 }
diff --git a/src/guard/guard.test.ts b/src/guard/guard.test.ts
index 88cf203a8..db2a76e79 100644
--- a/src/guard/guard.test.ts
+++ b/src/guard/guard.test.ts
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 /**
  * Guard decision-function unit tests: the baseline is the decision (allow /
- * hold / deny returned as-is, non-catalog actions allow), grant semantics
- * (satisfies holds, never denies; invalid → refuse), and the fail-closed
- * posture on a throwing baseline.
+ * hold / deny returned as-is), grant semantics (satisfies holds, never
+ * denies; invalid → refuse), the runtime backstop against forged action
+ * values, and the fail-closed posture on a throwing baseline.
  *
- * Uses synthetic catalog actions registered per test — the registry is
- * per-worker module state with no reset, so action names are unique.
+ * Uses synthetic actions defined per test — the catalog is per-worker module
+ * state with no reset, so action names are unique.
  */
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
 import { guard } from './guard.js';
-import { registerGuardedAction } from './guard-actions.js';
+import { defineGuardedAction, type GuardedAction } from './guard-actions.js';
 import { ALLOW, DENY, HOLD, type GuardInput } from './types.js';
 
 const mockGetPendingApproval = vi.fn();
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ vi.mock('../log.js', () => ({
 
 const AGENT = { kind: 'agent', agentGroupId: 'ag-1', sessionId: 'sess-1' } as const;
 
-function input(action: string, extra: Partial<GuardInput> = {}): GuardInput {
-  return { action, actor: AGENT, payload: {}, ...extra };
+function input(extra: Partial<GuardInput> = {}): GuardInput {
+  return { actor: AGENT, payload: {}, ...extra };
 }
 
 beforeEach(() => {
@@ -36,18 +36,14 @@ afterEach(() => {
 });
 
 describe('the baseline is the decision', () => {
-  it('non-catalog action → allow', () => {
-    expect(guard(input('test.unregistered-read')).effect).toBe('allow');
-  });
-
   it('baseline allow → allow', () => {
-    registerGuardedAction({ action: 't.allow1', baseline: () => ALLOW('ok') });
-    expect(guard(input('t.allow1')).effect).toBe('allow');
+    const action = defineGuardedAction({ action: 't.allow1', baseline: () => ALLOW('ok') });
+    expect(guard(action, input()).effect).toBe('allow');
   });
 
   it('baseline hold → hold, default approver chain', () => {
-    registerGuardedAction({ action: 't.hold1', baseline: () => HOLD('needs approval') });
-    const d = guard(input('t.hold1'));
+    const action = defineGuardedAction({ action: 't.hold1', baseline: () => HOLD('needs approval') });
+    const d = guard(action, input());
     expect(d.effect).toBe('hold');
     if (d.effect === 'hold') {
       expect(d.reason).toBe('needs approval');
@@ -56,18 +52,25 @@ describe('the baseline is the decision', () => {
   });
 
   it('baseline hold → hold, carrying a named approver', () => {
-    registerGuardedAction({ action: 't.hold2', baseline: () => HOLD('policy row', 'telegram:dana') });
-    const d = guard(input('t.hold2'));
+    const action = defineGuardedAction({ action: 't.hold2', baseline: () => HOLD('policy row', 'telegram:dana') });
+    const d = guard(action, input());
     expect(d.effect).toBe('hold');
     if (d.effect === 'hold') expect(d.approverUserId).toBe('telegram:dana');
   });
 
   it('baseline deny → deny, carrying the reason', () => {
-    registerGuardedAction({ action: 't.deny1', baseline: () => DENY('structurally unauthorized') });
-    const d = guard(input('t.deny1'));
+    const action = defineGuardedAction({ action: 't.deny1', baseline: () => DENY('structurally unauthorized') });
+    const d = guard(action, input());
     expect(d.effect).toBe('deny');
     if (d.effect === 'deny') expect(d.reason).toBe('structurally unauthorized');
   });
+
+  it('a forged action value (not from defineGuardedAction) is denied', () => {
+    const forged = { action: 't.forged', baseline: () => ALLOW('never vetted') } as unknown as GuardedAction;
+    const d = guard(forged, input());
+    expect(d.effect).toBe('deny');
+    if (d.effect === 'deny') expect(d.reason).toContain('undefined action');
+  });
 });
 
 describe('grants', () => {
@@ -75,49 +78,53 @@ describe('grants', () => {
     ({ approval_id: 'appr-1', action, payload: '{}' }) as unknown as NonNullable<GuardInput['grant']>;
 
   it('a valid live grant satisfies a hold', () => {
-    registerGuardedAction({
+    const action = defineGuardedAction({
       action: 't.g1',
       approvalAction: 'g1_approved',
       baseline: () => HOLD('b'),
     });
     const grant = grantRow('g1_approved');
     mockGetPendingApproval.mockReturnValue(grant);
-    expect(guard(input('t.g1', { grant })).effect).toBe('allow');
+    expect(guard(action, input({ grant })).effect).toBe('allow');
   });
 
   it('a grant never satisfies a deny — the baseline is re-checked live', () => {
-    registerGuardedAction({ action: 't.g2', approvalAction: 'g2_approved', baseline: () => DENY('revoked since') });
+    const action = defineGuardedAction({
+      action: 't.g2',
+      approvalAction: 'g2_approved',
+      baseline: () => DENY('revoked since'),
+    });
     const grant = grantRow('g2_approved');
     mockGetPendingApproval.mockReturnValue(grant);
-    const d = guard(input('t.g2', { grant }));
+    const d = guard(action, input({ grant }));
     expect(d.effect).toBe('deny');
     if (d.effect === 'deny') expect(d.reason).toBe('revoked since');
   });
 
   it('a dead grant (row deleted) refuses instead of re-holding', () => {
-    registerGuardedAction({
+    const action = defineGuardedAction({
       action: 't.g3',
       approvalAction: 'g3_approved',
       baseline: () => HOLD('b'),
     });
     mockGetPendingApproval.mockReturnValue(undefined);
-    const d = guard(input('t.g3', { grant: grantRow('g3_approved') }));
+    const d = guard(action, input({ grant: grantRow('g3_approved') }));
     expect(d.effect).toBe('deny');
   });
 
   it("a grant for a different action doesn't transfer", () => {
-    registerGuardedAction({
+    const action = defineGuardedAction({
       action: 't.g4',
       approvalAction: 'g4_approved',
       baseline: () => HOLD('b'),
     });
     const grant = grantRow('other_action');
     mockGetPendingApproval.mockReturnValue(grant);
-    expect(guard(input('t.g4', { grant })).effect).toBe('deny');
+    expect(guard(action, input({ grant })).effect).toBe('deny');
   });
 
   it('a domain grantMatches binding can refuse a payload mismatch', () => {
-    registerGuardedAction({
+    const action = defineGuardedAction({
       action: 't.g5',
       approvalAction: 'g5_approved',
       grantMatches: () => false,
@@ -125,25 +132,29 @@ describe('grants', () => {
     });
     const grant = grantRow('g5_approved');
     mockGetPendingApproval.mockReturnValue(grant);
-    expect(guard(input('t.g5', { grant })).effect).toBe('deny');
+    expect(guard(action, input({ grant })).effect).toBe('deny');
   });
 
   it('a grant on an already-allowed action is a no-op', () => {
-    registerGuardedAction({ action: 't.g6', approvalAction: 'g6_approved', baseline: () => ALLOW('ok') });
+    const action = defineGuardedAction({
+      action: 't.g6',
+      approvalAction: 'g6_approved',
+      baseline: () => ALLOW('ok'),
+    });
     const grant = grantRow('g6_approved');
     mockGetPendingApproval.mockReturnValue(grant);
-    expect(guard(input('t.g6', { grant })).effect).toBe('allow');
+    expect(guard(action, input({ grant })).effect).toBe('allow');
   });
 });
 
 describe('fail-closed posture', () => {
   it('a throwing baseline denies', () => {
-    registerGuardedAction({
+    const action = defineGuardedAction({
       action: 't.f1',
       baseline: () => {
         throw new Error('boom');
       },
     });
-    expect(guard(input('t.f1')).effect).toBe('deny');
+    expect(guard(action, input()).effect).toBe('deny');
   });
 });
diff --git a/src/guard/guard.ts b/src/guard/guard.ts
index 55bed0223..56008a212 100644
--- a/src/guard/guard.ts
+++ b/src/guard/guard.ts
@@ -1,36 +1,47 @@
 /**
  * guard() — the one decision function every privileged action consults.
  *
- * The decision is the catalog entry's structural baseline — today's code
- * checks, registered per action at the module edges. Non-catalog actions
- * (reads, scheduling self-actions) allow. Policy-as-data (tighten-only rule
- * sources composing with the baseline) is deliberately deferred to phase 3
- * of the guarded-actions design, where the generalized rules table arrives
- * with its first operator-visible consumer; until then the one policy table
+ * The decision is the action's structural baseline — today's code checks,
+ * defined per action at the module edges. The consult site holds the
+ * GuardedAction value itself (defineGuardedAction), so there is no name
+ * lookup and no fail-open path for an unknown action: an unwired consult is
+ * a compile error, and a value that didn't come from defineGuardedAction is
+ * denied at runtime. Policy-as-data (tighten-only rule sources composing
+ * with the baseline) is deliberately deferred to phase 3 of the
+ * guarded-actions design, where the generalized rules table arrives with its
+ * first operator-visible consumer; until then the one policy table
  * (agent_message_policies) is consulted inside the a2a.send baseline.
  *
  * Grants: an approved replay carries the verified approval row. A valid
- * grant (live pending row whose action matches the catalog entry's approval
- * action, plus any domain binding) satisfies a hold — the human already
- * decided — but NEVER a deny: the baseline is re-checked live, so
- * approve-then-revoke no longer executes. A grant that is present but
- * invalid fails closed to deny (no second card).
+ * grant (live pending row whose action matches the entry's approval action,
+ * plus any domain binding) satisfies a hold — the human already decided —
+ * but NEVER a deny: the baseline is re-checked live, so approve-then-revoke
+ * no longer executes. A grant that is present but invalid fails closed to
+ * deny (no second card).
  *
  * The guard itself fails closed: a throwing baseline denies.
  */
 import { getPendingApproval } from '../db/sessions.js';
 import { log } from '../log.js';
-import { getGuardedAction } from './guard-actions.js';
+import { isGuardedAction, type GuardedAction } from './guard-actions.js';
 import { ALLOW, DENY, type GuardDecision, type GuardInput } from './types.js';
 
-export function guard(input: GuardInput): GuardDecision {
-  const entry = getGuardedAction(input.action);
+export function guard(action: GuardedAction, input: GuardInput): GuardDecision {
+  if (!isGuardedAction(action)) {
+    // JS-level backstop — the branded type already forbids this. A
+    // hand-rolled object must not carry a baseline never vetted at
+    // definition time.
+    log.error('Guard consulted with an undefined action — failing closed', {
+      action: (action as { action?: unknown } | null)?.action,
+    });
+    return DENY('guard consulted with an undefined action (failing closed)');
+  }
 
   let decision: GuardDecision;
   try {
-    decision = entry ? entry.baseline(input) : ALLOW('non-catalog action');
+    decision = action.baseline(input);
   } catch (err) {
-    log.error('Guard evaluation threw — failing closed', { action: input.action, err });
+    log.error('Guard evaluation threw — failing closed', { action: action.action, err });
     return DENY('guard failure (failing closed)');
   }
 
@@ -42,24 +53,20 @@ export function guard(input: GuardInput): GuardDecision {
 
   // An invalid grant on a replay is a refusal, not a fresh hold — approved
   // replays must execute exactly once.
-  if (entry && grantSatisfies(input, entry.approvalAction, entry.grantMatches)) {
+  if (grantSatisfies(action, input)) {
     return ALLOW(`hold satisfied by approval ${input.grant.approval_id}`);
   }
   return DENY('replay carried an invalid or mismatched grant');
 }
 
-function grantSatisfies(
-  input: GuardInput,
-  approvalAction: string | undefined,
-  grantMatches: ((grant: NonNullable<GuardInput['grant']>, input: GuardInput) => boolean) | undefined,
-): boolean {
+function grantSatisfies(action: GuardedAction, input: GuardInput): boolean {
   const grant = input.grant;
-  if (!grant || !approvalAction) return false;
-  if (grant.action !== approvalAction) return false;
+  if (!grant || !action.approvalAction) return false;
+  if (grant.action !== action.approvalAction) return false;
   // The row must still be live — resolution deletes it, so a grant can only
   // execute once and a fabricated row object doesn't pass.
   const live = getPendingApproval(grant.approval_id);
-  if (!live || live.action !== approvalAction) return false;
-  if (grantMatches && !grantMatches(grant, input)) return false;
+  if (!live || live.action !== action.approvalAction) return false;
+  if (action.grantMatches && !action.grantMatches(grant, input)) return false;
   return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/guard/index.ts b/src/guard/index.ts
index 89781dfb3..4d58ccaf9 100644
--- a/src/guard/index.ts
+++ b/src/guard/index.ts
@@ -2,15 +2,27 @@
  * Guard — the privileged-action decision seam (guarded-actions phase 2).
  *
  * See the guarded-actions decisions doc on the team hub. One decision
- * function (guard.ts) and a registration-derived action catalog
- * (guard-actions.ts).
- * Domain-free leaf: domain baselines register from the domain modules' edges.
+ * function (guard.ts) and a definition-derived action catalog
+ * (guard-actions.ts). Consults carry the GuardedAction value returned by
+ * defineGuardedAction — never a name to look up — so mis-wiring is a build
+ * error, not a runtime fail-open.
+ * Domain-free leaf: domain baselines are defined at the domain modules' edges.
  */
 export { guard } from './guard.js';
 export {
-  registerGuardedAction,
-  getGuardedAction,
+  defineGuardedAction,
+  isGuardedAction,
   listGuardedActions,
+  type GuardedAction,
   type GuardedActionSpec,
 } from './guard-actions.js';
-export { ALLOW, DENY, HOLD, type GuardActor, type GuardDecision, type GuardInput } from './types.js';
+export {
+  ALLOW,
+  DENY,
+  HOLD,
+  unguarded,
+  type GuardActor,
+  type GuardDecision,
+  type GuardInput,
+  type Unguarded,
+} from './types.js';
diff --git a/src/guard/types.ts b/src/guard/types.ts
index 03233a42f..960ed353a 100644
--- a/src/guard/types.ts
+++ b/src/guard/types.ts
@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@
  * The guard is a domain-free leaf: this module may import the DB read layer,
  * config, log, and shared types — never src/cli/* or src/modules/*. Domain
  * knowledge (what an action's structural baseline checks) arrives via
- * registration: catalog entries (guard-actions.ts) are registered by the domain
- * modules at their module edges.
+ * definition: domain modules call defineGuardedAction (guard-actions.ts) at
+ * their module edges and pass the returned value to every consult and
+ * registration site — the wiring is a symbol reference the compiler checks.
  */
 import type { PendingApproval } from '../types.js';
 
@@ -17,8 +18,6 @@ export type GuardActor =
   | { kind: 'system' };
 
 export interface GuardInput {
-  /** Dotted catalog action name, e.g. 'roles.grant', 'agents.create', 'a2a.send'. */
-  action: string;
   actor: GuardActor;
   /** Domain resource reference, e.g. { from, to } for a2a.send. */
   resource?: Record<string, string>;
@@ -32,6 +31,20 @@ export interface GuardInput {
   grant?: PendingApproval | null;
 }
 
+declare const unguardedBrand: unique symbol;
+/**
+ * A registration that deliberately carries no guard. Omission is not
+ * representable — every registry requires either a guard spec or this
+ * marker, so the decision to run unguarded is visible, and justified, in
+ * the diff that registers the handler. The reason travels with the
+ * registration; `grep "unguarded("` is the complete inventory.
+ */
+export type Unguarded = { readonly reason: string; readonly [unguardedBrand]: true };
+
+export function unguarded(reason: string): Unguarded {
+  return Object.freeze({ reason }) as Unguarded;
+}
+
 export type GuardDecision =
   | { effect: 'allow'; reason: string }
   | { effect: 'hold'; reason: string; approverUserId?: string }
diff --git a/src/modules/agent-to-agent/agent-route.ts b/src/modules/agent-to-agent/agent-route.ts
index feb52ad59..398baa832 100644
--- a/src/modules/agent-to-agent/agent-route.ts
+++ b/src/modules/agent-to-agent/agent-route.ts
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import { log } from '../../log.js';
 import { openInboundDb, resolveSession, sessionDir, writeSessionMessage } from '../../session-manager.js';
 import type { PendingApproval, Session } from '../../types.js';
 import { requestApproval } from '../approvals/index.js';
-import { A2A_MESSAGE_GATE_ACTION } from './guard.js';
+import { A2A_MESSAGE_GATE_ACTION, a2aSend } from './guard.js';
 
 export { isSafeAttachmentName };
 export { A2A_MESSAGE_GATE_ACTION } from './guard.js';
@@ -247,8 +247,7 @@ export async function routeAgentMessage(
   // allow, agent_message_policies hold. An approved replay carries the
   // grant — the hold is satisfied but the structure is re-checked live, so
   // revoking a destination between hold and approve blocks delivery.
-  const decision = guard({
-    action: 'a2a.send',
+  const decision = guard(a2aSend, {
     actor: { kind: 'agent', agentGroupId: sourceAgentGroupId, sessionId: session.id },
     resource: { from: sourceAgentGroupId, to: targetAgentGroupId },
     payload: { id: msg.id, platform_id: targetAgentGroupId, content: msg.content, in_reply_to: msg.in_reply_to },
diff --git a/src/modules/agent-to-agent/guard.ts b/src/modules/agent-to-agent/guard.ts
index 740405804..ce2cf9ab7 100644
--- a/src/modules/agent-to-agent/guard.ts
+++ b/src/modules/agent-to-agent/guard.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
  */
 import { getAgentGroup } from '../../db/agent-groups.js';
 import { getContainerConfig } from '../../db/container-configs.js';
-import { ALLOW, DENY, HOLD, registerGuardedAction } from '../../guard/index.js';
+import { ALLOW, DENY, HOLD, defineGuardedAction } from '../../guard/index.js';
 import { hasDestination } from './db/agent-destinations.js';
 import { getMessagePolicy } from './db/agent-message-policies.js';
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import { getMessagePolicy } from './db/agent-message-policies.js';
  */
 export const A2A_MESSAGE_GATE_ACTION = 'a2a_message_gate';
 
-registerGuardedAction({
+export const agentsCreate = defineGuardedAction({
   action: 'agents.create',
   approvalAction: 'create_agent',
   // Bind a create_agent grant to the name that was approved.
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ registerGuardedAction({
   },
 });
 
-registerGuardedAction({
+export const a2aSend = defineGuardedAction({
   action: 'a2a.send',
   approvalAction: A2A_MESSAGE_GATE_ACTION,
   // Bind an a2a grant to the exact held message target.
diff --git a/src/modules/agent-to-agent/index.ts b/src/modules/agent-to-agent/index.ts
index fa9047ecb..2114acaca 100644
--- a/src/modules/agent-to-agent/index.ts
+++ b/src/modules/agent-to-agent/index.ts
@@ -21,15 +21,15 @@
  * system action logs "Unknown system action", `channel_type='agent'` messages
  * throw because the module isn't installed.
  */
-import './guard.js';
 import { reenterGuardedDeliveryAction, registerDeliveryAction } from '../../delivery.js';
 import { notifyAgent, registerApprovalHandler } from '../approvals/index.js';
 import { A2A_MESSAGE_GATE_ACTION } from './agent-route.js';
 import { createAgent, requestCreateAgentHold, validateCreateAgent } from './create-agent.js';
+import { agentsCreate } from './guard.js';
 import { applyA2aMessageGate } from './message-gate.js';
 
 registerDeliveryAction('create_agent', createAgent, {
-  guardAction: 'agents.create',
+  guardAction: agentsCreate,
   precheck: validateCreateAgent,
   requestHold: requestCreateAgentHold,
   onDeny: (_content, session, reason) => notifyAgent(session, `create_agent denied: ${reason}`),
diff --git a/src/modules/approvals/index.ts b/src/modules/approvals/index.ts
index 8dcb274f5..924145b91 100644
--- a/src/modules/approvals/index.ts
+++ b/src/modules/approvals/index.ts
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  * + approval handlers via this module's public API.
  */
 import { onDeliveryAdapterReady } from '../../delivery.js';
+import { unguarded } from '../../guard/index.js';
 import { registerResponseHandler, onShutdown } from '../../response-registry.js';
 import { handleApprovalsResponse } from './response-handler.js';
 import { startOneCLIApprovalHandler, stopOneCLIApprovalHandler } from './onecli-approvals.js';
@@ -34,7 +35,10 @@ export type { ApprovalHandler, ApprovalHandlerContext, RequestApprovalOptions }
 // loads reason-capture.js, registering its message-interceptor on import.
 export { sweepAwaitingReasonRejects } from './reason-capture.js';
 
-registerResponseHandler(handleApprovalsResponse);
+registerResponseHandler(
+  handleApprovalsResponse,
+  unguarded('self-authorizing — resolves each pending_approvals row against its own approver rules before dispatching'),
+);
 
 onDeliveryAdapterReady((adapter) => {
   startOneCLIApprovalHandler(adapter);
diff --git a/src/modules/approvals/reason-capture.ts b/src/modules/approvals/reason-capture.ts
index 79724a277..03dcf6074 100644
--- a/src/modules/approvals/reason-capture.ts
+++ b/src/modules/approvals/reason-capture.ts
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  */
 import type { InboundEvent } from '../../channels/adapter.js';
 import { getDeliveryAdapter } from '../../delivery.js';
+import { unguarded } from '../../guard/index.js';
 import {
   deletePendingApproval,
   getExpiredAwaitingReasonApprovals,
@@ -151,7 +152,10 @@ export async function captureReasonReply(event: InboundEvent): Promise<boolean>
   return true;
 }
 
-registerMessageInterceptor(captureReasonReply);
+registerMessageInterceptor(
+  captureReasonReply,
+  unguarded('self-authorizing — only captures a DM from the admin whose reject click armed it (keyed by userId + DM)'),
+);
 
 /**
  * Host-sweep finalizer: any reject-with-reason hold whose window elapsed (admin
diff --git a/src/modules/interactive/index.ts b/src/modules/interactive/index.ts
index 324adbe7e..3aada6fa1 100644
--- a/src/modules/interactive/index.ts
+++ b/src/modules/interactive/index.ts
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 import { getDb, hasTable } from '../../db/connection.js';
 import { deletePendingQuestion, getPendingQuestion, getSession } from '../../db/sessions.js';
 import { wakeContainer } from '../../container-runner.js';
+import { unguarded } from '../../guard/index.js';
 import { registerResponseHandler, type ResponsePayload } from '../../response-registry.js';
 import { log } from '../../log.js';
 import { writeSessionMessage } from '../../session-manager.js';
@@ -56,4 +57,7 @@ async function handleInteractiveResponse(payload: ResponsePayload): Promise<bool
   return true;
 }
 
-registerResponseHandler(handleInteractiveResponse);
+registerResponseHandler(
+  handleInteractiveResponse,
+  unguarded('not privileged — relays an in-chat answer back into the asking session; only the question row is touched'),
+);
diff --git a/src/modules/permissions/guard.ts b/src/modules/permissions/guard.ts
index 91cface46..075d2bf2d 100644
--- a/src/modules/permissions/guard.ts
+++ b/src/modules/permissions/guard.ts
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@
  * (free-text replies), so a privilege revoked mid-flow is re-checked at each
  * step.
  */
-import { ALLOW, DENY, HOLD, registerGuardedAction } from '../../guard/index.js';
+import { ALLOW, DENY, HOLD, defineGuardedAction } from '../../guard/index.js';
 import { getPendingChannelApproval } from './db/pending-channel-approvals.js';
 import { hasAdminPrivilege } from './db/user-roles.js';
 
-registerGuardedAction({
+export const sendersAdmit = defineGuardedAction({
   action: 'senders.admit',
   baseline: (input) => {
     const policy = input.payload.policy;
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ registerGuardedAction({
   },
 });
 
-registerGuardedAction({
+export const channelsRegister = defineGuardedAction({
   action: 'channels.register',
   baseline: (input) => {
     if (input.actor.kind !== 'human') return DENY('channel registration resolves via human clicks/replies');
diff --git a/src/modules/permissions/index.ts b/src/modules/permissions/index.ts
index 4ead62019..abc64f6d8 100644
--- a/src/modules/permissions/index.ts
+++ b/src/modules/permissions/index.ts
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ import { registerResponseHandler, type ResponsePayload } from '../../response-re
 import { getDeliveryAdapter } from '../../delivery.js';
 import { log } from '../../log.js';
 import type { MessagingGroup, MessagingGroupAgent } from '../../types.js';
-import './guard.js';
-import { guard } from '../../guard/index.js';
+import { guard, unguarded } from '../../guard/index.js';
+import { channelsRegister, sendersAdmit } from './guard.js';
 import { canAccessAgentGroup } from './access.js';
 import {
   buildAgentSelectionOptions,
@@ -135,8 +135,7 @@ function handleUnknownSender(
   // — unknown_sender_policy verbatim: strict → deny, request_approval → hold,
   // public → allow (short-circuited before the gate). Drop-recording and the
   // hold creation stay here.
-  const decision = guard({
-    action: 'senders.admit',
+  const decision = guard(sendersAdmit, {
     actor: userId ? { kind: 'human', userId } : { kind: 'system' },
     payload: {
       messagingGroupId: mg.id,
@@ -294,7 +293,12 @@ async function handleSenderApprovalResponse(payload: ResponsePayload): Promise<b
   return true;
 }
 
-registerResponseHandler(handleSenderApprovalResponse);
+registerResponseHandler(
+  handleSenderApprovalResponse,
+  unguarded(
+    'self-authorizing — verifies the clicker inline (delivered approver or group admin) before adding a member',
+  ),
+);
 
 // ── Unknown-channel registration flow ──
 
@@ -518,7 +522,7 @@ async function handleChannelApprovalResponse(payload: ResponsePayload): Promise<
 }
 
 registerResponseHandler(handleChannelApprovalResponse, {
-  action: 'channels.register',
+  action: channelsRegister,
   claims: (payload) => getPendingChannelApproval(payload.questionId) !== undefined,
 });
 
@@ -640,7 +644,7 @@ const captureAgentNameReply = async (event: InboundEvent): Promise<boolean> => {
 };
 
 registerMessageInterceptor(captureAgentNameReply, {
-  action: 'channels.register',
+  action: channelsRegister,
   claims: (event) => {
     const userId = extractAndUpsertUser(event);
     if (!userId) return null;
diff --git a/src/modules/scheduling/index.ts b/src/modules/scheduling/index.ts
index 14ef7d550..d1f2ccf0b 100644
--- a/src/modules/scheduling/index.ts
+++ b/src/modules/scheduling/index.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
  * module piggybacks on the core schema.
  */
 import { registerDeliveryAction } from '../../delivery.js';
+import { unguarded } from '../../guard/index.js';
 import {
   handleCancelTask,
   handlePauseTask,
@@ -27,8 +28,10 @@ import {
   handleUpdateTask,
 } from './actions.js';
 
-registerDeliveryAction('schedule_task', handleScheduleTask);
-registerDeliveryAction('cancel_task', handleCancelTask);
-registerDeliveryAction('pause_task', handlePauseTask);
-registerDeliveryAction('resume_task', handleResumeTask);
-registerDeliveryAction('update_task', handleUpdateTask);
+const selfAction = unguarded('agent self-action — mutates only its own task rows; not a privileged class (yet)');
+
+registerDeliveryAction('schedule_task', handleScheduleTask, selfAction);
+registerDeliveryAction('cancel_task', handleCancelTask, selfAction);
+registerDeliveryAction('pause_task', handlePauseTask, selfAction);
+registerDeliveryAction('resume_task', handleResumeTask, selfAction);
+registerDeliveryAction('update_task', handleUpdateTask, selfAction);
diff --git a/src/modules/self-mod/guard.ts b/src/modules/self-mod/guard.ts
index 85faa3492..0b80bc7a7 100644
--- a/src/modules/self-mod/guard.ts
+++ b/src/modules/self-mod/guard.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  * add-package` etc. — are separate catalog actions derived from the command
  * registry.)
  */
-import { DENY, HOLD, registerGuardedAction, type GuardInput } from '../../guard/index.js';
+import { DENY, HOLD, defineGuardedAction, type GuardInput } from '../../guard/index.js';
 
 function selfModBaseline(label: string) {
   return (input: GuardInput) => {
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ function selfModBaseline(label: string) {
   };
 }
 
-registerGuardedAction({
+export const selfModInstallPackages = defineGuardedAction({
   action: 'self_mod.install_packages',
   approvalAction: 'install_packages',
   baseline: selfModBaseline('install_packages'),
 });
 
-registerGuardedAction({
+export const selfModAddMcpServer = defineGuardedAction({
   action: 'self_mod.add_mcp_server',
   approvalAction: 'add_mcp_server',
   baseline: selfModBaseline('add_mcp_server'),
diff --git a/src/modules/self-mod/index.ts b/src/modules/self-mod/index.ts
index f5dd53251..8cdbc30f7 100644
--- a/src/modules/self-mod/index.ts
+++ b/src/modules/self-mod/index.ts
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@
  * system messages with these actions, but delivery logs "Unknown system
  * action" and drops them. Admin never sees a card; nothing changes.
  */
-import './guard.js';
 import { reenterGuardedDeliveryAction, registerDeliveryAction } from '../../delivery.js';
 import { notifyAgent, registerApprovalHandler } from '../approvals/index.js';
 import { applyAddMcpServer, applyInstallPackages } from './apply.js';
+import { selfModAddMcpServer, selfModInstallPackages } from './guard.js';
 import {
   requestAddMcpServerHold,
   requestInstallPackagesHold,
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ import {
 } from './request.js';
 
 registerDeliveryAction('install_packages', applyInstallPackages, {
-  guardAction: 'self_mod.install_packages',
+  guardAction: selfModInstallPackages,
   precheck: validateInstallPackages,
   requestHold: requestInstallPackagesHold,
   onDeny: (_content, session, reason) => notifyAgent(session, `install_packages denied: ${reason}`),
 });
 registerDeliveryAction('add_mcp_server', applyAddMcpServer, {
-  guardAction: 'self_mod.add_mcp_server',
+  guardAction: selfModAddMcpServer,
   precheck: validateAddMcpServer,
   requestHold: requestAddMcpServerHold,
   onDeny: (_content, session, reason) => notifyAgent(session, `add_mcp_server denied: ${reason}`),
diff --git a/src/response-registry.ts b/src/response-registry.ts
index 57c42e511..bb7cd8c21 100644
--- a/src/response-registry.ts
+++ b/src/response-registry.ts
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
  * the click and the handler, and the wrapped path is the only path. `claims`
  * is the handler's own claim test (does this questionId belong to me?) so an
  * unauthorized click is claimed-and-dropped without stealing other handlers'
- * responses.
+ * responses. The guard argument is not optional — a handler that runs
+ * unguarded must declare so with `unguarded(<reason>)`, at the registration
+ * site, in the diff that adds it.
  */
-import { guard, type GuardActor } from './guard/index.js';
+import { guard, type GuardActor, type GuardedAction, type Unguarded } from './guard/index.js';
 import { log } from './log.js';
 
 export interface ResponsePayload {
@@ -33,8 +35,8 @@ export interface ResponsePayload {
 export type ResponseHandler = (payload: ResponsePayload) => Promise<boolean>;
 
 export interface ResponseGuardSpec {
-  /** Dotted guard-catalog action consulted before the handler runs. */
-  action: string;
+  /** Guard action consulted before the handler runs — the defined value, not a name. */
+  action: GuardedAction;
   /** Would this handler claim the response? (Its own row lookup.) */
   claims: (payload: ResponsePayload) => boolean;
 }
@@ -47,22 +49,23 @@ function responseActor(payload: ResponsePayload): GuardActor {
   return { kind: 'human', userId };
 }
 
-export function registerResponseHandler(handler: ResponseHandler, guardSpec?: ResponseGuardSpec): void {
-  if (!guardSpec) {
+export function registerResponseHandler(handler: ResponseHandler, guardDecl: ResponseGuardSpec | Unguarded): void {
+  if ('reason' in guardDecl) {
+    // Explicitly declared unguarded — the carried reason is the reviewable record.
     responseHandlers.push(handler);
     return;
   }
+  const spec = guardDecl;
   responseHandlers.push(async (payload) => {
-    if (!guardSpec.claims(payload)) return false;
-    const decision = guard({
-      action: guardSpec.action,
+    if (!spec.claims(payload)) return false;
+    const decision = guard(spec.action, {
       actor: responseActor(payload),
       payload: { questionId: payload.questionId, value: payload.value },
     });
     if (decision.effect !== 'allow') {
       // Claim the response so it's not unclaimed-logged, but do nothing.
       log.warn('Response click rejected by guard', {
-        action: guardSpec.action,
+        action: spec.action.action,
         questionId: payload.questionId,
         userId: payload.userId,
         reason: decision.reason,
diff --git a/src/router.ts b/src/router.ts
index d89db0272..dbca8c218 100644
--- a/src/router.ts
+++ b/src/router.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 import { getChannelAdapter } from './channels/channel-registry.js';
 import { gateCommand } from './command-gate.js';
 import { getAgentGroup } from './db/agent-groups.js';
-import { guard, type GuardActor } from './guard/index.js';
+import { guard, type GuardActor, type GuardedAction, type Unguarded } from './guard/index.js';
 import { recordDroppedMessage } from './db/dropped-messages.js';
 import {
   createMessagingGroup,
@@ -124,13 +124,15 @@ export function setSenderScopeGate(fn: SenderScopeGateFn): void {
  * registers with a guard spec: the registry wraps it so the guard's decision
  * stands between the free-text reply and the handler. `claims` returns the
  * guard consult for events the interceptor would act on (null = not mine,
- * pass through); a deny consumes the message without acting.
+ * pass through); a deny consumes the message without acting. The guard
+ * argument is not optional — an interceptor that runs unguarded must declare
+ * so with `unguarded(<reason>)` at the registration site.
  */
 export type MessageInterceptorFn = (event: InboundEvent) => Promise<boolean>;
 
 export interface InterceptorGuardSpec {
-  /** Dotted guard-catalog action consulted before the interceptor acts. */
-  action: string;
+  /** Guard action consulted before the interceptor acts — the defined value, not a name. */
+  action: GuardedAction;
   /** The guard consult for events this interceptor would act on; null = not mine. */
   claims: (event: InboundEvent) => { actor: GuardActor; payload: Record<string, unknown> } | null;
   /** Domain cleanup when the guard denies (e.g. disarm the capture). */
@@ -139,18 +141,23 @@ export interface InterceptorGuardSpec {
 
 const messageInterceptors: MessageInterceptorFn[] = [];
 
-export function registerMessageInterceptor(fn: MessageInterceptorFn, guardSpec?: InterceptorGuardSpec): void {
-  if (!guardSpec) {
+export function registerMessageInterceptor(
+  fn: MessageInterceptorFn,
+  guardDecl: InterceptorGuardSpec | Unguarded,
+): void {
+  if ('reason' in guardDecl) {
+    // Explicitly declared unguarded — the carried reason is the reviewable record.
     messageInterceptors.push(fn);
     return;
   }
+  const guardSpec = guardDecl;
   messageInterceptors.push(async (event) => {
     const consult = guardSpec.claims(event);
     if (!consult) return fn(event);
-    const decision = guard({ action: guardSpec.action, actor: consult.actor, payload: consult.payload });
+    const decision = guard(guardSpec.action, { actor: consult.actor, payload: consult.payload });
     if (decision.effect !== 'allow') {
       log.warn('Interceptor capture rejected by guard — consuming without acting', {
-        action: guardSpec.action,
+        action: guardSpec.action.action,
         reason: decision.reason,
       });
       guardSpec.onDeny?.(event);