Merge pull request #1609 from qwibitai/fix/apple-container-proxy-bind

fix: require CREDENTIAL_PROXY_HOST for Apple Container networking

.env.example

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-OLLAMA_HOST=

container/Dockerfile

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ FROM node:22-slim
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
     chromium \
     fonts-liberation \
-    fonts-noto-cjk \
     fonts-noto-color-emoji \
     libgbm1 \
     libnss3 \
@@ -55,14 +54,14 @@ RUN mkdir -p /workspace/group /workspace/global /workspace/extra /workspace/ipc/
 # Container input (prompt, group info) is passed via stdin JSON.
 # Credentials are injected by the host's credential proxy — never passed here.
 # Follow-up messages arrive via IPC files in /workspace/ipc/input/
-RUN printf '#!/bin/bash\nset -e\ncd /app && npx tsc --outDir /tmp/dist 2>&1 >&2\nln -s /app/node_modules /tmp/dist/node_modules\nchmod -R a-w /tmp/dist\ncat > /tmp/input.json\nnode /tmp/dist/index.js < /tmp/input.json\n' > /app/entrypoint.sh && chmod +x /app/entrypoint.sh
+# Apple Container only supports directory mounts (VirtioFS), so .env cannot be
+# shadowed with a host-side /dev/null file mount. Instead the entrypoint starts
+# as root, uses mount --bind to shadow .env, then drops to the host user via setpriv.
+RUN printf '#!/bin/bash\nset -e\n\n# Shadow .env so the agent cannot read host secrets (requires root)\nif [ "$(id -u)" = "0" ] && [ -f /workspace/project/.env ]; then\n  mount --bind /dev/null /workspace/project/.env\nfi\n\n# Compile agent-runner\ncd /app && npx tsc --outDir /tmp/dist 2>&1 >&2\nln -s /app/node_modules /tmp/dist/node_modules\nchmod -R a-w /tmp/dist\n\n# Capture stdin (secrets JSON) to temp file\ncat > /tmp/input.json\n\n# Drop privileges if running as root (main-group containers)\nif [ "$(id -u)" = "0" ] && [ -n "$RUN_UID" ]; then\n  chown "$RUN_UID:$RUN_GID" /tmp/input.json /tmp/dist\n  exec setpriv --reuid="$RUN_UID" --regid="$RUN_GID" --clear-groups -- node /tmp/dist/index.js < /tmp/input.json\nfi\n\nexec node /tmp/dist/index.js < /tmp/input.json\n' > /app/entrypoint.sh && chmod +x /app/entrypoint.sh
 
 # Set ownership to node user (non-root) for writable directories
 RUN chown -R node:node /workspace && chmod 777 /home/node
 
-# Switch to non-root user (required for --dangerously-skip-permissions)
-USER node
-
 # Set working directory to group workspace
 WORKDIR /workspace/group
 

container/agent-runner/src/index.ts

@@ -409,8 +409,7 @@ async function runQuery(
         'TeamCreate', 'TeamDelete', 'SendMessage',
         'TodoWrite', 'ToolSearch', 'Skill',
         'NotebookEdit',
-        'mcp__nanoclaw__*',
-        'mcp__ollama__*'
+        'mcp__nanoclaw__*'
       ],
       env: sdkEnv,
       permissionMode: 'bypassPermissions',
@@ -426,10 +425,6 @@ async function runQuery(
             NANOCLAW_IS_MAIN: containerInput.isMain ? '1' : '0',
           },
         },
-        ollama: {
-          command: 'node',
-          args: [path.join(path.dirname(mcpServerPath), 'ollama-mcp-stdio.js')],
-        },
       },
       hooks: {
         PreCompact: [{ hooks: [createPreCompactHook(containerInput.assistantName)] }],

container/agent-runner/src/ollama-mcp-stdio.ts

@@ -1,290 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Ollama MCP Server for NanoClaw
- * Exposes local Ollama models as tools for the container agent.
- * Uses host.docker.internal to reach the host's Ollama instance from Docker.
- */
-
-import { McpServer } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js';
-import { StdioServerTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js';
-import { z } from 'zod';
-
-import fs from 'fs';
-import path from 'path';
-
-const OLLAMA_HOST = process.env.OLLAMA_HOST || 'http://host.docker.internal:11434';
-const OLLAMA_ADMIN_TOOLS = process.env.OLLAMA_ADMIN_TOOLS === 'true';
-const OLLAMA_STATUS_FILE = '/workspace/ipc/ollama_status.json';
-
-function log(msg: string): void {
-  console.error(`[OLLAMA] ${msg}`);
-}
-
-function writeStatus(status: string, detail?: string): void {
-  try {
-    const data = { status, detail, timestamp: new Date().toISOString() };
-    const tmpPath = `${OLLAMA_STATUS_FILE}.tmp`;
-    fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(OLLAMA_STATUS_FILE), { recursive: true });
-    fs.writeFileSync(tmpPath, JSON.stringify(data));
-    fs.renameSync(tmpPath, OLLAMA_STATUS_FILE);
-  } catch { /* best-effort */ }
-}
-
-async function ollamaFetch(path: string, options?: RequestInit): Promise<Response> {
-  const url = `${OLLAMA_HOST}${path}`;
-  try {
-    return await fetch(url, options);
-  } catch (err) {
-    // Fallback to localhost if host.docker.internal fails
-    if (OLLAMA_HOST.includes('host.docker.internal')) {
-      const fallbackUrl = url.replace('host.docker.internal', 'localhost');
-      return await fetch(fallbackUrl, options);
-    }
-    throw err;
-  }
-}
-
-const server = new McpServer({
-  name: 'ollama',
-  version: '1.0.0',
-});
-
-server.tool(
-  'ollama_list_models',
-  'List all locally installed Ollama models. Use this to see which models are available before calling ollama_generate.',
-  {},
-  async () => {
-    log('Listing models...');
-    writeStatus('listing', 'Listing available models');
-    try {
-      const res = await ollamaFetch('/api/tags');
-      if (!res.ok) {
-        return {
-          content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Ollama API error: ${res.status} ${res.statusText}` }],
-          isError: true,
-        };
-      }
-
-      const data = await res.json() as { models?: Array<{ name: string; size: number; modified_at: string }> };
-      const models = data.models || [];
-
-      if (models.length === 0) {
-        return { content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: 'No models installed. Run `ollama pull <model>` on the host to install one.' }] };
-      }
-
-      const list = models
-        .map(m => `- ${m.name} (${(m.size / 1e9).toFixed(1)}GB)`)
-        .join('\n');
-
-      log(`Found ${models.length} models`);
-      return { content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Installed models:\n${list}` }] };
-    } catch (err) {
-      return {
-        content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Failed to connect to Ollama at ${OLLAMA_HOST}: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}` }],
-        isError: true,
-      };
-    }
-  },
-);
-
-server.tool(
-  'ollama_generate',
-  'Send a prompt to a local Ollama model and get a response. Good for cheaper/faster tasks like summarization, translation, or general queries. Use ollama_list_models first to see available models.',
-  {
-    model: z.string().describe('The model name (e.g., "llama3.2", "mistral", "gemma2")'),
-    prompt: z.string().describe('The prompt to send to the model'),
-    system: z.string().optional().describe('Optional system prompt to set model behavior'),
-  },
-  async (args) => {
-    log(`>>> Generating with ${args.model} (${args.prompt.length} chars)...`);
-    writeStatus('generating', `Generating with ${args.model}`);
-    try {
-      const body: Record<string, unknown> = {
-        model: args.model,
-        prompt: args.prompt,
-        stream: false,
-      };
-      if (args.system) {
-        body.system = args.system;
-      }
-
-      const res = await ollamaFetch('/api/generate', {
-        method: 'POST',
-        headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-        body: JSON.stringify(body),
-      });
-
-      if (!res.ok) {
-        const errorText = await res.text();
-        return {
-          content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Ollama error (${res.status}): ${errorText}` }],
-          isError: true,
-        };
-      }
-
-      const data = await res.json() as { response: string; total_duration?: number; eval_count?: number };
-
-      let meta = '';
-      if (data.total_duration) {
-        const secs = (data.total_duration / 1e9).toFixed(1);
-        meta = `\n\n[${args.model} | ${secs}s${data.eval_count ? ` | ${data.eval_count} tokens` : ''}]`;
-        log(`<<< Done: ${args.model} | ${secs}s | ${data.eval_count || '?'} tokens | ${data.response.length} chars`);
-        writeStatus('done', `${args.model} | ${secs}s | ${data.eval_count || '?'} tokens`);
-      } else {
-        log(`<<< Done: ${args.model} | ${data.response.length} chars`);
-        writeStatus('done', `${args.model} | ${data.response.length} chars`);
-      }
-
-      return { content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: data.response + meta }] };
-    } catch (err) {
-      return {
-        content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Failed to call Ollama: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}` }],
-        isError: true,
-      };
-    }
-  },
-);
-
-// Management tools — only registered when OLLAMA_ADMIN_TOOLS=true
-if (OLLAMA_ADMIN_TOOLS) {
-  server.tool(
-    'ollama_pull_model',
-    'Pull (download) a model from the Ollama registry by name. Returns the final status once the pull is complete. Use model names like "llama3.2", "mistral", "gemma2:9b".',
-    {
-      model: z.string().describe('Model name to pull, e.g. "llama3.2", "mistral", "gemma2:9b"'),
-    },
-    async (args) => {
-      log(`Pulling model: ${args.model}...`);
-      writeStatus('pulling', `Pulling ${args.model}`);
-      try {
-        const res = await ollamaFetch('/api/pull', {
-          method: 'POST',
-          headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-          body: JSON.stringify({ model: args.model, stream: false }),
-        });
-        if (!res.ok) {
-          const errorText = await res.text();
-          return {
-            content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Ollama error (${res.status}): ${errorText}` }],
-            isError: true,
-          };
-        }
-        const data = await res.json() as { status: string };
-        log(`Pull complete: ${args.model} — ${data.status}`);
-        writeStatus('done', `Pulled ${args.model}`);
-        return { content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Pull complete: ${args.model} — ${data.status}` }] };
-      } catch (err) {
-        return {
-          content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Failed to pull model: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}` }],
-          isError: true,
-        };
-      }
-    },
-  );
-
-  server.tool(
-    'ollama_delete_model',
-    'Delete a locally installed Ollama model to free up disk space.',
-    {
-      model: z.string().describe('Model name to delete, e.g. "llama3.2", "mistral:latest"'),
-    },
-    async (args) => {
-      log(`Deleting model: ${args.model}...`);
-      writeStatus('deleting', `Deleting ${args.model}`);
-      try {
-        const res = await ollamaFetch('/api/delete', {
-          method: 'DELETE',
-          headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-          body: JSON.stringify({ model: args.model }),
-        });
-        if (!res.ok) {
-          const errorText = await res.text();
-          return {
-            content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Ollama error (${res.status}): ${errorText}` }],
-            isError: true,
-          };
-        }
-        log(`Deleted: ${args.model}`);
-        writeStatus('done', `Deleted ${args.model}`);
-        return { content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Deleted model: ${args.model}` }] };
-      } catch (err) {
-        return {
-          content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Failed to delete model: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}` }],
-          isError: true,
-        };
-      }
-    },
-  );
-
-  server.tool(
-    'ollama_show_model',
-    'Show details for a locally installed Ollama model: modelfile, parameters, template, system prompt, and architecture info.',
-    {
-      model: z.string().describe('Model name to inspect, e.g. "llama3.2", "mistral:latest"'),
-    },
-    async (args) => {
-      log(`Showing model info: ${args.model}...`);
-      try {
-        const res = await ollamaFetch('/api/show', {
-          method: 'POST',
-          headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-          body: JSON.stringify({ model: args.model }),
-        });
-        if (!res.ok) {
-          const errorText = await res.text();
-          return {
-            content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Ollama error (${res.status}): ${errorText}` }],
-            isError: true,
-          };
-        }
-        const data = await res.json();
-        return { content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: JSON.stringify(data, null, 2) }] };
-      } catch (err) {
-        return {
-          content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Failed to show model info: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}` }],
-          isError: true,
-        };
-      }
-    },
-  );
-
-  server.tool(
-    'ollama_list_running',
-    'List Ollama models currently loaded in memory with their memory usage, processor type (CPU/GPU), and time until they are unloaded.',
-    {},
-    async () => {
-      log('Listing running models...');
-      try {
-        const res = await ollamaFetch('/api/ps');
-        if (!res.ok) {
-          return {
-            content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Ollama API error: ${res.status} ${res.statusText}` }],
-            isError: true,
-          };
-        }
-        const data = await res.json() as { models?: Array<{ name: string; size: number; size_vram: number; processor: string; expires_at: string }> };
-        const models = data.models || [];
-        if (models.length === 0) {
-          return { content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: 'No models currently loaded in memory.' }] };
-        }
-        const list = models
-          .map(m => {
-            const size = m.size_vram > 0 ? m.size_vram : m.size;
-            return `- ${m.name} (${(size / 1e9).toFixed(1)}GB ${m.processor}, unloads at ${m.expires_at})`;
-          })
-          .join('\n');
-        log(`${models.length} model(s) running`);
-        return { content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Models loaded in memory:\n${list}` }] };
-      } catch (err) {
-        return {
-          content: [{ type: 'text' as const, text: `Failed to list running models: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}` }],
-          isError: true,
-        };
-      }
-    },
-  );
-
-  log('Admin tools enabled (pull, delete, show, list-running)');
-}
-
-const transport = new StdioServerTransport();
-await server.connect(transport);

container/build.sh

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ cd "$SCRIPT_DIR"
 
 IMAGE_NAME="nanoclaw-agent"
 TAG="${1:-latest}"
-CONTAINER_RUNTIME="${CONTAINER_RUNTIME:-docker}"
+CONTAINER_RUNTIME="${CONTAINER_RUNTIME:-container}"
 
 echo "Building NanoClaw agent container image..."
 echo "Image: ${IMAGE_NAME}:${TAG}"

scripts/ollama-watch.sh

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-# Watch NanoClaw IPC for Ollama activity and show macOS notifications
-# Usage: ./scripts/ollama-watch.sh
-
-cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." || exit 1
-
-echo "Watching for Ollama activity..."
-echo "Press Ctrl+C to stop"
-echo ""
-
-LAST_TIMESTAMP=""
-
-while true; do
-  # Check all group IPC dirs for ollama_status.json
-  for status_file in data/ipc/*/ollama_status.json; do
-    [ -f "$status_file" ] || continue
-
-    TIMESTAMP=$(python3 -c "import json; print(json.load(open('$status_file'))['timestamp'])" 2>/dev/null)
-    [ -z "$TIMESTAMP" ] && continue
-    [ "$TIMESTAMP" = "$LAST_TIMESTAMP" ] && continue
-
-    LAST_TIMESTAMP="$TIMESTAMP"
-    STATUS=$(python3 -c "import json; d=json.load(open('$status_file')); print(d['status'])" 2>/dev/null)
-    DETAIL=$(python3 -c "import json; d=json.load(open('$status_file')); print(d.get('detail',''))" 2>/dev/null)
-
-    case "$STATUS" in
-      generating)
-        osascript -e "display notification \"$DETAIL\" with title \"NanoClaw → Ollama\" sound name \"Submarine\"" 2>/dev/null
-        echo "$(date +%H:%M:%S) 🔄 $DETAIL"
-        ;;
-      done)
-        osascript -e "display notification \"$DETAIL\" with title \"NanoClaw ← Ollama ✓\" sound name \"Glass\"" 2>/dev/null
-        echo "$(date +%H:%M:%S) ✅ $DETAIL"
-        ;;
-      listing)
-        echo "$(date +%H:%M:%S) 📋 Listing models..."
-        ;;
-    esac
-  done
-  sleep 0.5
-done

src/config.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import { isValidTimezone } from './timezone.js';
 const envConfig = readEnvFile([
   'ASSISTANT_NAME',
   'ASSISTANT_HAS_OWN_NUMBER',
-  'OLLAMA_ADMIN_TOOLS',
   'ONECLI_URL',
   'TZ',
 ]);
@@ -18,8 +17,6 @@ export const ASSISTANT_NAME =
 export const ASSISTANT_HAS_OWN_NUMBER =
   (process.env.ASSISTANT_HAS_OWN_NUMBER ||
     envConfig.ASSISTANT_HAS_OWN_NUMBER) === 'true';
-export const OLLAMA_ADMIN_TOOLS =
-  (process.env.OLLAMA_ADMIN_TOOLS || envConfig.OLLAMA_ADMIN_TOOLS) === 'true';
 export const POLL_INTERVAL = 2000;
 export const SCHEDULER_POLL_INTERVAL = 60000;
 
@@ -54,6 +51,10 @@ export const CONTAINER_MAX_OUTPUT_SIZE = parseInt(
   process.env.CONTAINER_MAX_OUTPUT_SIZE || '10485760',
   10,
 ); // 10MB default
+export const CREDENTIAL_PROXY_PORT = parseInt(
+  process.env.CREDENTIAL_PROXY_PORT || '3001',
+  10,
+);
 export const ONECLI_URL =
   process.env.ONECLI_URL || envConfig.ONECLI_URL || 'http://localhost:10254';
 export const MAX_MESSAGES_PER_PROMPT = Math.max(

src/container-runner.test.ts

@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ vi.mock('./config.js', () => ({
   CONTAINER_IMAGE: 'nanoclaw-agent:latest',
   CONTAINER_MAX_OUTPUT_SIZE: 10485760,
   CONTAINER_TIMEOUT: 1800000, // 30min
+  CREDENTIAL_PROXY_PORT: 3001,
   DATA_DIR: '/tmp/nanoclaw-test-data',
   GROUPS_DIR: '/tmp/nanoclaw-test-groups',
   IDLE_TIMEOUT: 1800000, // 30min
-  ONECLI_URL: 'http://localhost:10254',
   TIMEZONE: 'America/Los_Angeles',
 }));
 
@@ -53,21 +53,16 @@ vi.mock('./mount-security.js', () => ({
 
 // Mock container-runtime
 vi.mock('./container-runtime.js', () => ({
-  CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN: 'docker',
+  CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN: 'container',
+  CONTAINER_HOST_GATEWAY: 'host.docker.internal',
   hostGatewayArgs: () => [],
   readonlyMountArgs: (h: string, c: string) => ['-v', `${h}:${c}:ro`],
   stopContainer: vi.fn(),
 }));
 
-// Mock OneCLI SDK
-vi.mock('@onecli-sh/sdk', () => ({
-  OneCLI: class {
-    applyContainerConfig = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(true);
-    createAgent = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({ id: 'test' });
-    ensureAgent = vi
-      .fn()
-      .mockResolvedValue({ name: 'test', identifier: 'test', created: true });
-  },
+// Mock credential-proxy
+vi.mock('./credential-proxy.js', () => ({
+  detectAuthMode: vi.fn(() => 'api-key'),
 }));
 
 // Create a controllable fake ChildProcess

src/container-runner.ts

@@ -10,27 +10,25 @@ import {
   CONTAINER_IMAGE,
   CONTAINER_MAX_OUTPUT_SIZE,
   CONTAINER_TIMEOUT,
+  CREDENTIAL_PROXY_PORT,
   DATA_DIR,
   GROUPS_DIR,
   IDLE_TIMEOUT,
-  OLLAMA_ADMIN_TOOLS,
-  ONECLI_URL,
   TIMEZONE,
 } from './config.js';
 import { resolveGroupFolderPath, resolveGroupIpcPath } from './group-folder.js';
 import { logger } from './logger.js';
 import {
+  CONTAINER_HOST_GATEWAY,
   CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN,
   hostGatewayArgs,
   readonlyMountArgs,
   stopContainer,
 } from './container-runtime.js';
-import { OneCLI } from '@onecli-sh/sdk';
+import { detectAuthMode } from './credential-proxy.js';
 import { validateAdditionalMounts } from './mount-security.js';
 import { RegisteredGroup } from './types.js';
 
-const onecli = new OneCLI({ url: ONECLI_URL });
-
 // Sentinel markers for robust output parsing (must match agent-runner)
 const OUTPUT_START_MARKER = '---NANOCLAW_OUTPUT_START---';
 const OUTPUT_END_MARKER = '---NANOCLAW_OUTPUT_END---';
@@ -79,16 +77,8 @@ function buildVolumeMounts(
       readonly: true,
     });
 
-    // Shadow .env so the agent cannot read secrets from the mounted project root.
-    // Credentials are injected by the OneCLI gateway, never exposed to containers.
-    const envFile = path.join(projectRoot, '.env');
-    if (fs.existsSync(envFile)) {
-      mounts.push({
-        hostPath: '/dev/null',
-        containerPath: '/workspace/project/.env',
-        readonly: true,
-      });
-    }
+    // .env shadowing is handled inside the container entrypoint via mount --bind
+    // (Apple Container only supports directory mounts, not file mounts like /dev/null)
 
     // Main also gets its group folder as the working directory
     mounts.push({
@@ -224,34 +214,31 @@ function buildVolumeMounts(
   return mounts;
 }
 
-async function buildContainerArgs(
+function buildContainerArgs(
   mounts: VolumeMount[],
   containerName: string,
-  agentIdentifier?: string,
-): Promise<string[]> {
+  isMain: boolean,
+): string[] {
   const args: string[] = ['run', '-i', '--rm', '--name', containerName];
 
   // Pass host timezone so container's local time matches the user's
   args.push('-e', `TZ=${TIMEZONE}`);
 
-  // Forward Ollama admin tools flag if enabled
-  if (OLLAMA_ADMIN_TOOLS) {
-    args.push('-e', 'OLLAMA_ADMIN_TOOLS=true');
-  }
+  // Route API traffic through the credential proxy (containers never see real secrets)
+  args.push(
+    '-e',
+    `ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL=http://${CONTAINER_HOST_GATEWAY}:${CREDENTIAL_PROXY_PORT}`,
+  );
 
-  // OneCLI gateway handles credential injection — containers never see real secrets.
-  // The gateway intercepts HTTPS traffic and injects API keys or OAuth tokens.
-  const onecliApplied = await onecli.applyContainerConfig(args, {
-    addHostMapping: false, // Nanoclaw already handles host gateway
-    agent: agentIdentifier,
-  });
-  if (onecliApplied) {
-    logger.info({ containerName }, 'OneCLI gateway config applied');
+  // Mirror the host's auth method with a placeholder value.
+  // API key mode: SDK sends x-api-key, proxy replaces with real key.
+  // OAuth mode:   SDK exchanges placeholder token for temp API key,
+  //               proxy injects real OAuth token on that exchange request.
+  const authMode = detectAuthMode();
+  if (authMode === 'api-key') {
+    args.push('-e', 'ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=placeholder');
   } else {
-    logger.warn(
-      { containerName },
-      'OneCLI gateway not reachable — container will have no credentials',
-    );
+    args.push('-e', 'CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN=placeholder');
   }
 
   // Runtime-specific args for host gateway resolution
@@ -263,7 +250,14 @@ async function buildContainerArgs(
   const hostUid = process.getuid?.();
   const hostGid = process.getgid?.();
   if (hostUid != null && hostUid !== 0 && hostUid !== 1000) {
-    args.push('--user', `${hostUid}:${hostGid}`);
+    if (isMain) {
+      // Main containers start as root so the entrypoint can mount --bind
+      // to shadow .env. Privileges are dropped via setpriv in entrypoint.sh.
+      args.push('-e', `RUN_UID=${hostUid}`);
+      args.push('-e', `RUN_GID=${hostGid}`);
+    } else {
+      args.push('--user', `${hostUid}:${hostGid}`);
+    }
     args.push('-e', 'HOME=/home/node');
   }
 
@@ -294,15 +288,7 @@ export async function runContainerAgent(
   const mounts = buildVolumeMounts(group, input.isMain);
   const safeName = group.folder.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9-]/g, '-');
   const containerName = `nanoclaw-${safeName}-${Date.now()}`;
-  // Main group uses the default OneCLI agent; others use their own agent.
-  const agentIdentifier = input.isMain
-    ? undefined
-    : group.folder.toLowerCase().replace(/_/g, '-');
-  const containerArgs = await buildContainerArgs(
-    mounts,
-    containerName,
-    agentIdentifier,
-  );
+  const containerArgs = buildContainerArgs(mounts, containerName, input.isMain);
 
   logger.debug(
     {
@@ -406,12 +392,7 @@ export async function runContainerAgent(
       const chunk = data.toString();
       const lines = chunk.trim().split('\n');
       for (const line of lines) {
-        if (!line) continue;
-        if (line.includes('[OLLAMA]')) {
-          logger.info({ container: group.folder }, line);
-        } else {
-          logger.debug({ container: group.folder }, line);
-        }
+        if (line) logger.debug({ container: group.folder }, line);
       }
       // Don't reset timeout on stderr — SDK writes debug logs continuously.
       // Timeout only resets on actual output (OUTPUT_MARKER in stdout).

src/container-runtime.test.ts

@@ -32,9 +32,12 @@ beforeEach(() => {
 // --- Pure functions ---
 
 describe('readonlyMountArgs', () => {
-  it('returns -v flag with :ro suffix', () => {
+  it('returns --mount flag with type=bind and readonly', () => {
     const args = readonlyMountArgs('/host/path', '/container/path');
-    expect(args).toEqual(['-v', '/host/path:/container/path:ro']);
+    expect(args).toEqual([
+      '--mount',
+      'type=bind,source=/host/path,target=/container/path,readonly',
+    ]);
   });
 });
 
@@ -42,14 +45,18 @@ describe('stopContainer', () => {
   it('calls docker stop for valid container names', () => {
     stopContainer('nanoclaw-test-123');
     expect(mockExecSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-      `${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} stop -t 1 nanoclaw-test-123`,
+      `${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} stop nanoclaw-test-123`,
       { stdio: 'pipe' },
     );
   });
 
   it('rejects names with shell metacharacters', () => {
-    expect(() => stopContainer('foo; rm -rf /')).toThrow('Invalid container name');
-    expect(() => stopContainer('foo$(whoami)')).toThrow('Invalid container name');
+    expect(() => stopContainer('foo; rm -rf /')).toThrow(
+      'Invalid container name',
+    );
+    expect(() => stopContainer('foo$(whoami)')).toThrow(
+      'Invalid container name',
+    );
     expect(() => stopContainer('foo`id`')).toThrow('Invalid container name');
     expect(mockExecSync).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
@@ -64,18 +71,37 @@ describe('ensureContainerRuntimeRunning', () => {
     ensureContainerRuntimeRunning();
 
     expect(mockExecSync).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-    expect(mockExecSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith(`${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} info`, {
-      stdio: 'pipe',
-      timeout: 10000,
-    });
+    expect(mockExecSync).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      `${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} system status`,
+      { stdio: 'pipe' },
+    );
     expect(logger.debug).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       'Container runtime already running',
     );
   });
 
-  it('throws when docker info fails', () => {
+  it('auto-starts when system status fails', () => {
+    // First call (system status) fails
     mockExecSync.mockImplementationOnce(() => {
-      throw new Error('Cannot connect to the Docker daemon');
+      throw new Error('not running');
+    });
+    // Second call (system start) succeeds
+    mockExecSync.mockReturnValueOnce('');
+
+    ensureContainerRuntimeRunning();
+
+    expect(mockExecSync).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+    expect(mockExecSync).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(
+      2,
+      `${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} system start`,
+      { stdio: 'pipe', timeout: 30000 },
+    );
+    expect(logger.info).toHaveBeenCalledWith('Container runtime started');
+  });
+
+  it('throws when both status and start fail', () => {
+    mockExecSync.mockImplementation(() => {
+      throw new Error('failed');
     });
 
     expect(() => ensureContainerRuntimeRunning()).toThrow(
@@ -88,36 +114,40 @@ describe('ensureContainerRuntimeRunning', () => {
 // --- cleanupOrphans ---
 
 describe('cleanupOrphans', () => {
-  it('stops orphaned nanoclaw containers', () => {
-    // docker ps returns container names, one per line
-    mockExecSync.mockReturnValueOnce(
-      'nanoclaw-group1-111\nnanoclaw-group2-222\n',
-    );
+  it('stops orphaned nanoclaw containers from JSON output', () => {
+    // Apple Container ls returns JSON
+    const lsOutput = JSON.stringify([
+      { status: 'running', configuration: { id: 'nanoclaw-group1-111' } },
+      { status: 'stopped', configuration: { id: 'nanoclaw-group2-222' } },
+      { status: 'running', configuration: { id: 'nanoclaw-group3-333' } },
+      { status: 'running', configuration: { id: 'other-container' } },
+    ]);
+    mockExecSync.mockReturnValueOnce(lsOutput);
     // stop calls succeed
     mockExecSync.mockReturnValue('');
 
     cleanupOrphans();
 
-    // ps + 2 stop calls
+    // ls + 2 stop calls (only running nanoclaw- containers)
     expect(mockExecSync).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3);
     expect(mockExecSync).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(
       2,
-      `${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} stop -t 1 nanoclaw-group1-111`,
+      `${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} stop nanoclaw-group1-111`,
       { stdio: 'pipe' },
     );
     expect(mockExecSync).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(
       3,
-      `${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} stop -t 1 nanoclaw-group2-222`,
+      `${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} stop nanoclaw-group3-333`,
       { stdio: 'pipe' },
     );
     expect(logger.info).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-      { count: 2, names: ['nanoclaw-group1-111', 'nanoclaw-group2-222'] },
+      { count: 2, names: ['nanoclaw-group1-111', 'nanoclaw-group3-333'] },
       'Stopped orphaned containers',
     );
   });
 
   it('does nothing when no orphans exist', () => {
-    mockExecSync.mockReturnValueOnce('');
+    mockExecSync.mockReturnValueOnce('[]');
 
     cleanupOrphans();
 
@@ -125,9 +155,9 @@ describe('cleanupOrphans', () => {
     expect(logger.info).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
-  it('warns and continues when ps fails', () => {
+  it('warns and continues when ls fails', () => {
     mockExecSync.mockImplementationOnce(() => {
-      throw new Error('docker not available');
+      throw new Error('container not available');
     });
 
     cleanupOrphans(); // should not throw
@@ -139,7 +169,11 @@ describe('cleanupOrphans', () => {
   });
 
   it('continues stopping remaining containers when one stop fails', () => {
-    mockExecSync.mockReturnValueOnce('nanoclaw-a-1\nnanoclaw-b-2\n');
+    const lsOutput = JSON.stringify([
+      { status: 'running', configuration: { id: 'nanoclaw-a-1' } },
+      { status: 'running', configuration: { id: 'nanoclaw-b-2' } },
+    ]);
+    mockExecSync.mockReturnValueOnce(lsOutput);
     // First stop fails
     mockExecSync.mockImplementationOnce(() => {
       throw new Error('already stopped');

src/container-runtime.ts

@@ -3,12 +3,46 @@
  * All runtime-specific logic lives here so swapping runtimes means changing one file.
  */
 import { execSync } from 'child_process';
+import fs from 'fs';
 import os from 'os';
 
 import { logger } from './logger.js';
 
 /** The container runtime binary name. */
-export const CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN = 'docker';
+export const CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN = 'container';
+
+/**
+ * IP address containers use to reach the host machine.
+ * Apple Container VMs use a bridge network (192.168.64.x); the host is at the gateway.
+ * Detected from the bridge0 interface, falling back to 192.168.64.1.
+ */
+export const CONTAINER_HOST_GATEWAY = detectHostGateway();
+
+function detectHostGateway(): string {
+  // Apple Container on macOS: containers reach the host via the bridge network gateway
+  const ifaces = os.networkInterfaces();
+  const bridge = ifaces['bridge100'] || ifaces['bridge0'];
+  if (bridge) {
+    const ipv4 = bridge.find((a) => a.family === 'IPv4');
+    if (ipv4) return ipv4.address;
+  }
+  // Fallback: Apple Container's default gateway
+  return '192.168.64.1';
+}
+
+/**
+ * Address the credential proxy binds to.
+ * Must be set via CREDENTIAL_PROXY_HOST in .env — there is no safe default
+ * for Apple Container because bridge100 only exists while containers run,
+ * but the proxy must start before any container.
+ * The /convert-to-apple-container skill sets this during setup.
+ */
+export const PROXY_BIND_HOST = process.env.CREDENTIAL_PROXY_HOST;
+if (!PROXY_BIND_HOST) {
+  throw new Error(
+    'CREDENTIAL_PROXY_HOST is not set in .env. Run /convert-to-apple-container to configure.',
+  );
+}
 
 /** CLI args needed for the container to resolve the host gateway. */
 export function hostGatewayArgs(): string[] {
@@ -24,7 +58,10 @@ export function readonlyMountArgs(
   hostPath: string,
   containerPath: string,
 ): string[] {
-  return ['-v', `${hostPath}:${containerPath}:ro`];
+  return [
+    '--mount',
+    `type=bind,source=${hostPath},target=${containerPath},readonly`,
+  ];
 }
 
 /** Stop a container by name. Uses execFileSync to avoid shell injection. */
@@ -32,57 +69,68 @@ export function stopContainer(name: string): void {
   if (!/^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_.-]*$/.test(name)) {
     throw new Error(`Invalid container name: ${name}`);
   }
-  execSync(`${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} stop -t 1 ${name}`, { stdio: 'pipe' });
+  execSync(`${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} stop ${name}`, { stdio: 'pipe' });
 }
 
 /** Ensure the container runtime is running, starting it if needed. */
 export function ensureContainerRuntimeRunning(): void {
   try {
-    execSync(`${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} info`, {
-      stdio: 'pipe',
-      timeout: 10000,
-    });
+    execSync(`${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} system status`, { stdio: 'pipe' });
     logger.debug('Container runtime already running');
-  } catch (err) {
-    logger.error({ err }, 'Failed to reach container runtime');
-    console.error(
-      '\n╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗',
-    );
-    console.error(
-      '║  FATAL: Container runtime failed to start                      ║',
-    );
-    console.error(
-      '║                                                                ║',
-    );
-    console.error(
-      '║  Agents cannot run without a container runtime. To fix:        ║',
-    );
-    console.error(
-      '║  1. Ensure Docker is installed and running                     ║',
-    );
-    console.error(
-      '║  2. Run: docker info                                           ║',
-    );
-    console.error(
-      '║  3. Restart NanoClaw                                           ║',
-    );
-    console.error(
-      '╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n',
-    );
-    throw new Error('Container runtime is required but failed to start', {
-      cause: err,
-    });
+  } catch {
+    logger.info('Starting container runtime...');
+    try {
+      execSync(`${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} system start`, {
+        stdio: 'pipe',
+        timeout: 30000,
+      });
+      logger.info('Container runtime started');
+    } catch (err) {
+      logger.error({ err }, 'Failed to start container runtime');
+      console.error(
+        '\n╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗',
+      );
+      console.error(
+        '║  FATAL: Container runtime failed to start                      ║',
+      );
+      console.error(
+        '║                                                                ║',
+      );
+      console.error(
+        '║  Agents cannot run without a container runtime. To fix:        ║',
+      );
+      console.error(
+        '║  1. Ensure Apple Container is installed                        ║',
+      );
+      console.error(
+        '║  2. Run: container system start                                ║',
+      );
+      console.error(
+        '║  3. Restart NanoClaw                                           ║',
+      );
+      console.error(
+        '╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n',
+      );
+      throw new Error('Container runtime is required but failed to start');
+    }
   }
 }
 
 /** Kill orphaned NanoClaw containers from previous runs. */
 export function cleanupOrphans(): void {
   try {
-    const output = execSync(
-      `${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} ps --filter name=nanoclaw- --format '{{.Names}}'`,
-      { stdio: ['pipe', 'pipe', 'pipe'], encoding: 'utf-8' },
-    );
-    const orphans = output.trim().split('\n').filter(Boolean);
+    const output = execSync(`${CONTAINER_RUNTIME_BIN} ls --format json`, {
+      stdio: ['pipe', 'pipe', 'pipe'],
+      encoding: 'utf-8',
+    });
+    const containers: { status: string; configuration: { id: string } }[] =
+      JSON.parse(output || '[]');
+    const orphans = containers
+      .filter(
+        (c) =>
+          c.status === 'running' && c.configuration.id.startsWith('nanoclaw-'),
+      )
+      .map((c) => c.configuration.id);
     for (const name of orphans) {
       try {
         stopContainer(name);

src/credential-proxy.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach, afterEach, vi } from 'vitest';
+import http from 'http';
+import type { AddressInfo } from 'net';
+
+const mockEnv: Record<string, string> = {};
+vi.mock('./env.js', () => ({
+  readEnvFile: vi.fn(() => ({ ...mockEnv })),
+}));
+
+vi.mock('./logger.js', () => ({
+  logger: { info: vi.fn(), error: vi.fn(), debug: vi.fn(), warn: vi.fn() },
+}));
+
+import { startCredentialProxy } from './credential-proxy.js';
+
+function makeRequest(
+  port: number,
+  options: http.RequestOptions,
+  body = '',
+): Promise<{
+  statusCode: number;
+  body: string;
+  headers: http.IncomingHttpHeaders;
+}> {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const req = http.request(
+      { ...options, hostname: '127.0.0.1', port },
+      (res) => {
+        const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
+        res.on('data', (c) => chunks.push(c));
+        res.on('end', () => {
+          resolve({
+            statusCode: res.statusCode!,
+            body: Buffer.concat(chunks).toString(),
+            headers: res.headers,
+          });
+        });
+      },
+    );
+    req.on('error', reject);
+    req.write(body);
+    req.end();
+  });
+}
+
+describe('credential-proxy', () => {
+  let proxyServer: http.Server;
+  let upstreamServer: http.Server;
+  let proxyPort: number;
+  let upstreamPort: number;
+  let lastUpstreamHeaders: http.IncomingHttpHeaders;
+
+  beforeEach(async () => {
+    lastUpstreamHeaders = {};
+
+    upstreamServer = http.createServer((req, res) => {
+      lastUpstreamHeaders = { ...req.headers };
+      res.writeHead(200, { 'content-type': 'application/json' });
+      res.end(JSON.stringify({ ok: true }));
+    });
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve) =>
+      upstreamServer.listen(0, '127.0.0.1', resolve),
+    );
+    upstreamPort = (upstreamServer.address() as AddressInfo).port;
+  });
+
+  afterEach(async () => {
+    await new Promise<void>((r) => proxyServer?.close(() => r()));
+    await new Promise<void>((r) => upstreamServer?.close(() => r()));
+    for (const key of Object.keys(mockEnv)) delete mockEnv[key];
+  });
+
+  async function startProxy(env: Record<string, string>): Promise<number> {
+    Object.assign(mockEnv, env, {
+      ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL: `http://127.0.0.1:${upstreamPort}`,
+    });
+    proxyServer = await startCredentialProxy(0);
+    return (proxyServer.address() as AddressInfo).port;
+  }
+
+  it('API-key mode injects x-api-key and strips placeholder', async () => {
+    proxyPort = await startProxy({ ANTHROPIC_API_KEY: 'sk-ant-real-key' });
+
+    await makeRequest(
+      proxyPort,
+      {
+        method: 'POST',
+        path: '/v1/messages',
+        headers: {
+          'content-type': 'application/json',
+          'x-api-key': 'placeholder',
+        },
+      },
+      '{}',
+    );
+
+    expect(lastUpstreamHeaders['x-api-key']).toBe('sk-ant-real-key');
+  });
+
+  it('OAuth mode replaces Authorization when container sends one', async () => {
+    proxyPort = await startProxy({
+      CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN: 'real-oauth-token',
+    });
+
+    await makeRequest(
+      proxyPort,
+      {
+        method: 'POST',
+        path: '/api/oauth/claude_cli/create_api_key',
+        headers: {
+          'content-type': 'application/json',
+          authorization: 'Bearer placeholder',
+        },
+      },
+      '{}',
+    );
+
+    expect(lastUpstreamHeaders['authorization']).toBe(
+      'Bearer real-oauth-token',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('OAuth mode does not inject Authorization when container omits it', async () => {
+    proxyPort = await startProxy({
+      CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN: 'real-oauth-token',
+    });
+
+    // Post-exchange: container uses x-api-key only, no Authorization header
+    await makeRequest(
+      proxyPort,
+      {
+        method: 'POST',
+        path: '/v1/messages',
+        headers: {
+          'content-type': 'application/json',
+          'x-api-key': 'temp-key-from-exchange',
+        },
+      },
+      '{}',
+    );
+
+    expect(lastUpstreamHeaders['x-api-key']).toBe('temp-key-from-exchange');
+    expect(lastUpstreamHeaders['authorization']).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('strips hop-by-hop headers', async () => {
+    proxyPort = await startProxy({ ANTHROPIC_API_KEY: 'sk-ant-real-key' });
+
+    await makeRequest(
+      proxyPort,
+      {
+        method: 'POST',
+        path: '/v1/messages',
+        headers: {
+          'content-type': 'application/json',
+          connection: 'keep-alive',
+          'keep-alive': 'timeout=5',
+          'transfer-encoding': 'chunked',
+        },
+      },
+      '{}',
+    );
+
+    // Proxy strips client hop-by-hop headers. Node's HTTP client may re-add
+    // its own Connection header (standard HTTP/1.1 behavior), but the client's
+    // custom keep-alive and transfer-encoding must not be forwarded.
+    expect(lastUpstreamHeaders['keep-alive']).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(lastUpstreamHeaders['transfer-encoding']).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('returns 502 when upstream is unreachable', async () => {
+    Object.assign(mockEnv, {
+      ANTHROPIC_API_KEY: 'sk-ant-real-key',
+      ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL: 'http://127.0.0.1:59999',
+    });
+    proxyServer = await startCredentialProxy(0);
+    proxyPort = (proxyServer.address() as AddressInfo).port;
+
+    const res = await makeRequest(
+      proxyPort,
+      {
+        method: 'POST',
+        path: '/v1/messages',
+        headers: { 'content-type': 'application/json' },
+      },
+      '{}',
+    );
+
+    expect(res.statusCode).toBe(502);
+    expect(res.body).toBe('Bad Gateway');
+  });
+});

src/credential-proxy.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/**
+ * Credential proxy for container isolation.
+ * Containers connect here instead of directly to the Anthropic API.
+ * The proxy injects real credentials so containers never see them.
+ *
+ * Two auth modes:
+ *   API key:  Proxy injects x-api-key on every request.
+ *   OAuth:    Container CLI exchanges its placeholder token for a temp
+ *             API key via /api/oauth/claude_cli/create_api_key.
+ *             Proxy injects real OAuth token on that exchange request;
+ *             subsequent requests carry the temp key which is valid as-is.
+ */
+import { createServer, Server } from 'http';
+import { request as httpsRequest } from 'https';
+import { request as httpRequest, RequestOptions } from 'http';
+
+import { readEnvFile } from './env.js';
+import { logger } from './logger.js';
+
+export type AuthMode = 'api-key' | 'oauth';
+
+export interface ProxyConfig {
+  authMode: AuthMode;
+}
+
+export function startCredentialProxy(
+  port: number,
+  host = '127.0.0.1',
+): Promise<Server> {
+  const secrets = readEnvFile([
+    'ANTHROPIC_API_KEY',
+    'CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN',
+    'ANTHROPIC_AUTH_TOKEN',
+    'ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL',
+  ]);
+
+  const authMode: AuthMode = secrets.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY ? 'api-key' : 'oauth';
+  const oauthToken =
+    secrets.CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN || secrets.ANTHROPIC_AUTH_TOKEN;
+
+  const upstreamUrl = new URL(
+    secrets.ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL || 'https://api.anthropic.com',
+  );
+  const isHttps = upstreamUrl.protocol === 'https:';
+  const makeRequest = isHttps ? httpsRequest : httpRequest;
+
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const server = createServer((req, res) => {
+      const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
+      req.on('data', (c) => chunks.push(c));
+      req.on('end', () => {
+        const body = Buffer.concat(chunks);
+        const headers: Record<string, string | number | string[] | undefined> =
+          {
+            ...(req.headers as Record<string, string>),
+            host: upstreamUrl.host,
+            'content-length': body.length,
+          };
+
+        // Strip hop-by-hop headers that must not be forwarded by proxies
+        delete headers['connection'];
+        delete headers['keep-alive'];
+        delete headers['transfer-encoding'];
+
+        if (authMode === 'api-key') {
+          // API key mode: inject x-api-key on every request
+          delete headers['x-api-key'];
+          headers['x-api-key'] = secrets.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY;
+        } else {
+          // OAuth mode: replace placeholder Bearer token with the real one
+          // only when the container actually sends an Authorization header
+          // (exchange request + auth probes). Post-exchange requests use
+          // x-api-key only, so they pass through without token injection.
+          if (headers['authorization']) {
+            delete headers['authorization'];
+            if (oauthToken) {
+              headers['authorization'] = `Bearer ${oauthToken}`;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        const upstream = makeRequest(
+          {
+            hostname: upstreamUrl.hostname,
+            port: upstreamUrl.port || (isHttps ? 443 : 80),
+            path: req.url,
+            method: req.method,
+            headers,
+          } as RequestOptions,
+          (upRes) => {
+            res.writeHead(upRes.statusCode!, upRes.headers);
+            upRes.pipe(res);
+          },
+        );
+
+        upstream.on('error', (err) => {
+          logger.error(
+            { err, url: req.url },
+            'Credential proxy upstream error',
+          );
+          if (!res.headersSent) {
+            res.writeHead(502);
+            res.end('Bad Gateway');
+          }
+        });
+
+        upstream.write(body);
+        upstream.end();
+      });
+    });
+
+    server.listen(port, host, () => {
+      logger.info({ port, host, authMode }, 'Credential proxy started');
+      resolve(server);
+    });
+
+    server.on('error', reject);
+  });
+}
+
+/** Detect which auth mode the host is configured for. */
+export function detectAuthMode(): AuthMode {
+  const secrets = readEnvFile(['ANTHROPIC_API_KEY']);
+  return secrets.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY ? 'api-key' : 'oauth';
+}